How to format your references using the Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mogi, K., 2013. Cognitive factors correlating with the metacognition of the phenomenal properties of experience. Sci. Rep. 3, 3354.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hébert, S.S., De Strooper, B., 2007. Molecular biology. miRNAs in neurodegeneration. Science 317, 1179–1180.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ronshaugen, M., McGinnis, N., McGinnis, W., 2002. Hox protein mutation and macroevolution of the insect body plan. Nature 415, 914–917.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mitra, K., Schaffitzel, C., Shaikh, T., Tama, F., Jenni, S., Brooks, C.L., 3rd, Ban, N., Frank, J., 2005. Structure of the E. coli protein-conducting channel bound to a translating ribosome. Nature 438, 318–324.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Crane, S., 2013. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Dao. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Kaklamanis, C., Pruhs, K. (Eds.), 2014. Approximation and Online Algorithms: 11th International Workshop, WAOA 2013, Sophia Antipolis, France, September 5-6, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang, Y., Wen, W., Chen, Y., 2014. Asymmetry in STT-RAM Cell Operations, in: Xie, Y. (Ed.), Emerging Memory Technologies: Design, Architecture, and Applications. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 117–144.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Scientists Say New AI Can Predict Future Criminals Based On Facial Features [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientists-say-new-ai-can-predict-future-criminals-based-facial-features/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. Medicare Automated Systems: Weaknesses in Managing Information Technology Hinder Fight Against Fraud and Abuse (No. T-AIMD-97-176). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McPeek, S.E., 2017. Religious Rhetoric and the Radio: The Sermons of Rev. Dr. Oswald C.J. Hoffmann, International Lutheran Hour Speaker, 1955-1985 (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M.A., 2003. BUSINESS TRAVEL: ON THE GROUND -- Paris; A City of Good Food, Fashion and Corporate Drama. New York Times C8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mogi, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Hébert and De Strooper, 2007; Mogi, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hébert and De Strooper, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Mitra et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology
Abbreviation	Zool. Anz.
ISSN (print)	0044-5231
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology