How to format your references using the ZDM citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ZDM. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Service, R. F. (2000). ELECTRONIC OPTICS: Organic Lasers Promise New Lease on Light. Science (New York, N.Y.), 289(5479), 519–521.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gamlin, P. D., & Yoon, K. (2000). An area for vergence eye movement in primate frontal cortex. Nature, 407(6807), 1003–1007.

A journal article with 3 authors

Frank, F., Sonenberg, N., & Nagar, B. (2010). Structural basis for 5’-nucleotide base-specific recognition of guide RNA by human AGO2. Nature, 465(7299), 818–822.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Rom, T., Best, T., van Oosten, D., Schneider, U., Fölling, S., Paredes, B., & Bloch, I. (2006). Free fermion antibunching in a degenerate atomic Fermi gas released from an optical lattice. Nature, 444(7120), 733–736.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smirnov, B. M. (2011). Fundamentals of Ionized Gases. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Burger, J. (Ed.). (2011). Stakeholders and Scientists: Achieving Implementable Solutions to Energy and Environmental Issues. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Calderwood, S. K., Murshid, A., Zhu, B., & Mambula, S. S. (2010). Role of Host Molecular Chaperones in Responses to Bacterial Infection and Endotoxin Exposure. In A. G. Pockley, S. K. Calderwood, & M. G. Santoro (Eds.), Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Heat Shock Proteins in Infectious Disease (pp. 107–120). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ZDM.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2017, June 2). Scientists Hope To Bring Giant Galapagos Tortoise Back From Extinction. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). Traffic Congestion: Federal Efforts to Improve Mobility (No. PEMD-90-2). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hylton, J. K. (2016). Scatter; Or, A Series or Minor Inconveniences (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, J. (2017, March 29). O Slapstick Tragedy! New York Times, p. C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Service 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Gamlin and Yoon 2000; Service 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gamlin and Yoon 2000)
Three or more authors: (Rom et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	ZDM
Abbreviation	ZDM
ISSN (print)	1863-9690
ISSN (online)	1863-9704
Scope	General Mathematics Education