How to format your references using the WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rohde JR (2011) Microbiology. Listeria unwinds host DNA. Science 331:1271–1272

A journal article with 2 authors

Treguer P, Pondaven P (2000) Global change. Silica control of carbon dioxide. Nature 406:358–359

A journal article with 3 authors

Collins FS, Wilder EL, Zerhouni E (2014) Funding transdisciplinary research. NIH Roadmap/Common Fund at 10 years. Science 345:274–276

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fraser HB, Hirsh AE, Steinmetz LM, et al (2002) Evolutionary rate in the protein interaction network. Science 296:750–752

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kasper S, Montgomery S (2013) Treatment-resistant Depression. John Wiley & Sons, Oxford

An edited book

Sencha AN (2013) Breast Ultrasound. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Horne R, Umarov T (2014) Ensuring Faultless Communication Behaviour in A Commercial Cloud. In: Counsell S, Núñez M (eds) Software Engineering and Formal Methods: SEFM 2013 Collocated Workshops: BEAT2, WS-FMDS, FM-RAIL-Bok, MoKMaSD, and OpenCert, Madrid, Spain, September 23-24, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 44–55

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Forming Star Resembles Solar System’s Early Days. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010) Statewide Transportation Planning: Opportunities Exist to Transition to Performance-Based Planning and Federal Oversight. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gossett JM (2009) Autobiographical insights into the spiritual psychologies of Jung and Bion. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chen DW, David Goodman J (2013) In Naming Top Police Official, De Blasio May Signal Change. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rohde 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Treguer and Pondaven 2000; Rohde 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Treguer and Pondaven 2000)
Three or more authors: (Fraser et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK
ISSN (print)	0937-6429
ISSN (online)	1861-8936
Scope