How to format your references using the Weather and Climate Extremes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Weather and Climate Extremes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collier, R.J., 2010. Microbiology. Salmonella’s safety catch. Science 328, 981–982.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hopkins, R., Rausher, M.D., 2012. Pollinator-mediated selection on flower color allele drives reinforcement. Science 335, 1090–1092.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yohe, G., Andronova, N., Schlesinger, M., 2004. Climate. To hedge or not against an uncertain climate future? Science 306, 416–417.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rossi, A., Kapahi, P., Natoli, G., Takahashi, T., Chen, Y., Karin, M., Santoro, M.G., 2000. Anti-inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandins are direct inhibitors of IkappaB kinase. Nature 403, 103–108.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cruz, M.G., Peters, G.W., Shevchenko, P.V., 2015. Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Cook, D.L., 2006. CryptoGraphics: Exploiting Graphics Cards for Security, Advances in Information Security. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Hussain, M., Muhammad, S., Malik, R.N., Khan, M.U., Farooq, U., 2014. Status of Heavy Metal Residues in Fish Species of Pakistan, in: Whitacre, D.M. (Ed.), Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume: With Cumulative and Comprehensive Index Subjects Covered Volumes 221-230, Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 111–132.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Weather and Climate Extremes.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Watch: Amazing Visualization Of Arctic Ice Over The Last 25 Years [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/watch-amazing-visualization-arctic-ice-over-last-25-years/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. NASA Space Suits (No. NSIAD-92-197R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Norris, C., 2014. What is Lost Along the Way (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, B., 2017. Saudi Arabia Detains Critics of Crown Prince. New York Times A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collier, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Collier, 2010; Hopkins and Rausher, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hopkins and Rausher, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Rossi et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Weather and Climate Extremes
Abbreviation	Weather Clim. Extrem.
ISSN (print)	2212-0947
Scope	Atmospheric Science Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development