How to format your references using the Water Security citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Security. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

V. Haucke, Cell biology: On the endocytosis rollercoaster, Nature 517 (2015) 446–447.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Q. Zhou, D. Bachtrog, Sex-specific adaptation drives early sex chromosome evolution in Drosophila, Science 337 (2012) 341–345.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

E. Silbergeld, S. Lerman, L. Hushka, Ethics. Human health research ethics, Science 305 (2004) 949.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

X. Li, G. Zhang, B. Sun, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Liao, Y. Zhou, X. Xia, K. Shi, J. Yu, Stimulated leaf dark respiration in tomato in an elevated carbon dioxide atmosphere, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 3433.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

L. Xiu, Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond the Phase-Locked Loop, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

J. Mikulski, ed., Challenge of Transport Telematics: 16th International Conference on Transport Systems Telematics, TST 2016, Katowice-Ustroń, Poland, March 16–19, 2016, Selected Papers, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

J. Li, J. Chen, S. Wang, Dynamic Inventory Management with Cash Flow Constraints, in: J. Chen, S. Wang (Eds.), Risk Management of Supply and Cash Flows in Supply Chains, Springer, New York, NY, 2011: pp. 105–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Security.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Scientists Discover Brain Network That Distinguishes Novelty From Familiarity, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scientists-discover-brain-network-distinguishes-novelty-familiarity/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Fiscal Year 2007 Performance Plans, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

P.H. Manso, Teacher Evaluation: A Qualitative Study on Growth-Producing Practices in K-8 Schools, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Hofmann, Personality Is Everything, New York Times (2017) BR16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Security
ISSN (print)	2468-3124
Scope