How to format your references using the Water Conservation Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Conservation Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harris DN (2011) Education. Value-added measures and the future of educational accountability. Science 333:826–827

A journal article with 2 authors

Kuo I-FW, Mundy CJ (2004) An ab initio molecular dynamics study of the aqueous liquid-vapor interface. Science 303:658–660

A journal article with 3 authors

Piscitelli CL, Krishnamurthy H, Gouaux E (2010) Neurotransmitter/sodium symporter orthologue LeuT has a single high-affinity substrate site. Nature 468:1129–1132

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kalas P, Graham JR, Chiang E, et al (2008) Optical images of an exosolar planet 25 light-years from Earth. Science 322:1345–1348

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Taylor R (2006) Handbook of Retinal Screening in Diabetes. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Horiguchi S, Imoto Y, Poole GS (2015) Foreign Language Education in Japan: Exploring Qualitative Approaches. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Choi B, Kim J, Song T-H (2014) Retracted: Influence of Scattering Pattern on the Insulation Performance of VIP Filler Materials. In: Li A, Zhu Y, Li Y (eds) Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning: Volume 1: Indoor and Outdoor Environment. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 33–40

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Conservation Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) Ketamine: Painkiller, Party Drug – And Possibly Next-Generation Antidepressant. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/ketamine-painkiller-party-drug-and-possibly-next-generation-antidepressant/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Federal Surplus Ships: Government Efforts to Address the Growing Backlog of Ships Awaiting Disposal. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schwartz KA (2010) Dynamics of Teacher Self-Efficacy: Middle School Reading and Language Arts Teacher Responses on a Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2009) Citing Taxes, Some Seek Fire District’s Demise. New York Times LI5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Conservation Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Water Conserv. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2366-3340
ISSN (online)	2364-5687
Scope