How to format your references using the Water Conservation Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Conservation Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pronin E (2008) How we see ourselves and how we see others. Science 320:1177–1180

A journal article with 2 authors

Kump LR, Barley ME (2007) Increased subaerial volcanism and the rise of atmospheric oxygen 2.5 billion years ago. Nature 448:1033–1036

A journal article with 3 authors

Shinde DB, Majumder M, Pillai VK (2014) Counter-ion dependent, longitudinal unzipping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to highly conductive and transparent graphene nanoribbons. Sci Rep 4:4363

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lahaye T, Koch T, Fröhlich B, et al (2007) Strong dipolar effects in a quantum ferrofluid. Nature 448:672–675

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gwynne A (2013) Guide to Building Control. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Miller S (2016) Teaching, Affirming, and Recognizing Trans and Gender Creative Youth: A Queer Literacy Framework. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London

A chapter in an edited book

Tippet R (2016) Corporate Geocorpographies: Surveillance and Social Media Expansion. In: Randell-Moon H, Tippet R (eds) Security, Race, Biopower: Essays on Technology and Corporeality. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp 81–100

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Conservation Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) What Could Have Caused Poland’s Crooked Forest? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/what-could-have-caused-polands-crooked-forest/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Increased Use Of Computer-Output-Microfilm By Federal Agencies Could Result In Savings. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cole Jackson M (2015) National school reform: the benefits of civility and ethics instruction. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Southall A (2016) Makeover Set for Police Building at Heart of a Sleeker Times Sq. New York Times A20

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Conservation Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Water Conserv. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2366-3340
ISSN (online)	2364-5687
Scope