How to format your references using the The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rokas, A. 2006. Genomics. Genomics and the tree of life. Science. 313: 1897–1899.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pomerantz, R. T. and O’Donnell, M. 2010. Direct restart of a replication fork stalled by a head-on RNA polymerase. Science. 327: 590–592.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mertens, K., Putkaradze, V. and Vorobieff, P. 2004. Braiding patterns on an inclined plane. Nature. 430: 165.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Carpenter, S. R., DeFries, R., Dietz, T., Mooney, H. A., Polasky, S., Reid, W. V. and Scholes, R. J. 2006. Ecology. Millennium ecosystem assessment: research needs. Science. 314: 257–258.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cochetti, R. 2014. Mobile Satellite Communications Handbook, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2013. Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity and Environmental Change in a Tropical Mountain Ecosystem of South Ecuador, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Lo, C.-F. 2014. The Soft Codification of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial. pp. 61–73. In: Codification in International Perspective: Selected Papers from the 2nd IACL Thematic Conference, (Wang, Wen-Yeu eds.) Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.

Blog post

Davis, J. Researchers Develop Antibiotic Spider Silk That Could Be Used To Treat Wounds. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-develop-antibiotic-spider-silk-that-could-be-used-to-treat-wounds/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office ADP Equipment: Buying Through GSA’s Office of Technology Plus Stores.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luvani, K. D. AIRtouch: An Intelligent Virtual Keyboard.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Weiser, B. and Schwirtz, M. Prison Guards Will Not Be Charged in an Inmate’s Death in 2015, Prosecutors Say.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [3, 4].
This sentence cites four references [5–8].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
ISSN (print)	0916-7250
ISSN (online)	1347-7439
Scope

Research and Writing Guides