How to format your references using the Waste and Biomass Valorization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Waste and Biomass Valorization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McDowell, N.: Lords blast red tape in animal experiments. Nature. 418, 358 (2002)

A journal article with 2 authors

Hirose, T., Horvitz, H.R.: An Sp1 transcription factor coordinates caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. Nature. 500, 354–358 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Betschinger, J., Mechtler, K., Knoblich, J.A.: The Par complex directs asymmetric cell division by phosphorylating the cytoskeletal protein Lgl. Nature. 422, 326–330 (2003)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ke, Y., Lindsay, S., Chang, Y., Liu, Y., Yan, H.: Self-assembled water-soluble nucleic acid probe tiles for label-free RNA hybridization assays. Science. 319, 180–183 (2008)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonneau, D., Fatu, A., Souchet, D.: Hydrodynamic Bearings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2014)

An edited book

Marcellán, F., Assche, W.V. eds: Orthogonal Polynomials and Special Functions: Computation and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2006)

A chapter in an edited book

Livesey, R.: Remembering Radicalism on the Midlands Turnpike: George Eliot, Felix Holt, and William Cobbett. In: Bristow, J. and McDonagh, J. (eds.) Nineteenth-Century Radical Traditions. pp. 85–112. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Waste and Biomass Valorization.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Meteor-like Object Explodes Over Russia

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Export Controls: International Space Station Technology Transfers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1999)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stone, B.: Efficacy of Collaborative Consulting Training Module, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J.: Returning for Friendship, and Drums, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Waste and Biomass Valorization
Abbreviation	Waste Biomass Valorization
ISSN (print)	1877-2641
ISSN (online)	1877-265X
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Environmental Engineering Waste Management and Disposal