How to format your references using the Veterinary Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Veterinary Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Njau J (2012) Paleontology. Reading Pliocene bones. Science 336:46–47

A journal article with 2 authors

Lumpkin EA, Caterina MJ (2007) Mechanisms of sensory transduction in the skin. Nature 445:858–865

A journal article with 3 authors

Freckleton RP, Sutherland WJ, Watkinson AR (2003) Ecology. Deciding the future of GM crops in Europe. Science 302:994–996

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Minamino T, Morimoto YV, Kinoshita M, et al (2014) The bacterial flagellar protein export apparatus processively transports flagellar proteins even with extremely infrequent ATP hydrolysis. Sci Rep 4:7579

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beach D (1996) The Responsible Conduct of Research. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Nilius B, Gudermann T, Jahn R, et al (2015) Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Dennis A, Marshall M (2016) Investigations. In: Collins B, Bradshaw E (eds) Bowel Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Guide for Healthcare Professionals. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 33–50

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Veterinary Research.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) More Than Thirty Unreported Sources Of Toxic Air Discovered From Space. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Financial Management Systems: HUD Needs to Address Management and Governance Weaknesses That Jeopardize Its Modernization Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bigelow RW (2017) Perception of Online Legal Education among Recently Retired Law School Faculty. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon J (2017) A Black-and-White Issue. New York Times AR1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Veterinary Research
Abbreviation	Vet. Res.
ISSN (online)	1297-9716
Scope	General Veterinary