How to format your references using the Verbum et Ecclesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Verbum et Ecclesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott, A., 2007, ‘How to make it in Moscow’, Nature, 448(7157), 983.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hazen, R.M. & Roedder, E., 2001, ‘Biogeology. How old are bacteria from the Permian age?’, Nature, 411(6834), 155–156.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sachs, J.P., Anderson, R.F. & Lehman, S.J., 2001, ‘Glacial surface temperatures of the southeast Atlantic Ocean’, Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5537), 2077–2079.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kaliteevski, M.A., Ivanov, K.A., Pozina, G. & Gallant, A.J., 2014, ‘Single and double bosonic stimulation of THz emission in polaritonic systems’, Scientific reports, 4, 5444.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baker, K.R., 2011, Optimization Modeling with Spreadsheets, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Horvath, J., 2015, The New Shop Class: Getting Started with 3D Printing, Arduino, and Wearable Tech, Apress, Berkeley, CA.

A chapter in an edited book

Dubois, E., Kubicki, S., Ramel, S. & Rifaut, A., 2012, ‘Capturing and Aligning Assurance Requirements for Business Services Systems’, in C.A. Ardagna, E. Damiani, L.A. Maciaszek, M. Missikoff & M. Parkin (eds.), Business System Management and Engineering: From Open Issues to Applications, Lecture Notes in Computer Science., pp. 71–92, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Verbum et Ecclesia.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015, Cod Stocks Off Canada’s Eastern Coast Making A Comeback, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1973, Coordination of Computerized Information Systems Reporting on Active Research Efforts, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zamora, L., 2017, Azura digital health: Scheduling application and prescription service for women’s health – PhD thesis, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lipton, E. & Buettner, R., 2016, U.S. Form Shows How Giuliani, Possible Cabinet Pick, Made His Fortune, New York Times, p. A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Hazen & Roedder 2001; Abbott 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hazen & Roedder 2001)
Three or more authors: (Kaliteevski et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Verbum et Ecclesia
ISSN (print)	1609-9982
ISSN (online)	2074-7705
Scope