How to format your references using the Journal of Internet Services and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Internet Services and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fialko Y. Interseismic strain accumulation and the earthquake potential on the southern San Andreas fault system. Nature. 2006;441:968–71.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Stevens MM, George JH. Exploring and engineering the cell surface interface. Science. 2005;310:1135–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ikegami H, Tsutsumi Y, Kono K. Chiral symmetry breaking in superfluid 3He-A. Science. 2013;341:59–62.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Marshall BT, Long M, Piper JW, Yago T, McEver RP, Zhu C. Direct observation of catch bonds involving cell-adhesion molecules. Nature. 2003;423:190–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Coates M, Jenkins B. Electrical Installation Calculations: For Compliance with BS 7671:2008. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

1. Ovesen PG, Møller Jensen D, editors. Maternal Obesity and Pregnancy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kappler M, Sachs A, Keil J, Sachs A. Determinants of Business Cycle Synchronisation. In: Kappler M, Sachs A, editors. Business Cycle Synchronisation and Economic Integration: New Evidence from the EU. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD; 2013. p. 93–145.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Internet Services and Applications.

Blog post

1. Taub B. A Spider Has Been Seen Eating A Crayfish For The First Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/spider-seen-eating-crayfish-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Commercial Aviation: Program Aimed at High-Risk Parent Abductors Could Aid in Preventing Abductions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 Jun. Report No.: GAO-11-602.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Wilson MW. Angels in Tinseltown: Health insurance, hormone use, and HIV among transgender women in Los Angeles [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Ervin A. Tales of the Unhinged. New York Times. 2017 Jul 28;BR18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Internet Services and Applications
Abbreviation	J. Internet Serv. Appl.
ISSN (print)	1867-4828
ISSN (online)	1869-0238
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications

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