How to format your references using the Urolithiasis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urolithiasis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hovers E (2015) Archaeology: Tools go back in time. Nature 521:294–295

A journal article with 2 authors

Rushton MJD, Chroneos A (2014) Impact of uniaxial strain and doping on oxygen diffusion in CeO2. Sci Rep 4:6068

A journal article with 3 authors

Cronin TW, Caldwell RL, Marshall J (2001) Sensory adaptation. Tunable colour vision in a mantis shrimp. Nature 411:547–548

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Thompson JR, Pacocha S, Pharino C, et al (2005) Genotypic diversity within a natural coastal bacterioplankton population. Science 307:1311–1313

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ibrahim D (2006) Microcontroller Based Applied Digital Control. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gewertz BL (2015) The Best Medicine: A Physician’s Guide to Effective Leadership. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Omosebi A, Besser RS (2013) Nanotechnology Innovations for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells for Micro Autonomous Systems. In: Guo Y (ed) Selected Topics in Micro/Nano-robotics for Biomedical Applications. Springer, New York, NY, pp 45–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urolithiasis.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Why Is Oil And Gas Activity Causing Earthquakes? And Can We Reduce The Risk? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Default Rates on Federal Student Loans. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wang T (2010) Trajectory Similarity Based Prediction for Remaining Useful Life Estimation. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2002) Where Culture and Traffic Intersect, a Dispute. New York Times 146

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Urolithiasis
Abbreviation	Urolithiasis
ISSN (print)	2194-7228
ISSN (online)	2194-7236
Scope	Urology