How to format your references using the Urban Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urban Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lipton, P. Testing Hypotheses: Prediction and Prejudice. Science 2005, 307, 219–221.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gompel, N.; Carroll, S.B. Genetic Mechanisms and Constraints Governing the Evolution of Correlated Traits in Drosophilid Flies. Nature 2003, 424, 931–935.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hulme, M.; O’Neill, S.J.; Dessai, S. Climate Change. Is Weather Event Attribution Necessary for Adaptation Funding? Science 2011, 334, 764–765.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ash, C.; Jasny, B.R.; Roberts, L.; Stone, R.; Sugden, A.M. Reimagining Cities. Introduction. Science 2008, 319, 739.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Williams, T.; Turton, V. Trading Economics; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2014; ISBN 9781118766293.

An edited book

Mihelj, M. Haptics for Virtual Reality and Teleoperation; Podobnik, J., Ed.; Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2012; Vol. 64; ISBN 9789400757172.

A chapter in an edited book

Kehrl, J.H.; Hwang, I.-Y.; Park, C. Chemoattract Receptor Signaling and Its Role in Lymphocyte Motility and Trafficking. In Visualizing Immunity; Dustin, M., McGavern, D., Eds.; Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; pp. 107–127 ISBN 9783540938620.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urban Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Oxytocin May Benefit Some Children With Autism, But It’s Not The Next Wonder Drug Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/oxytocin-may-benefit-some-children-autism-it-s-not-next-wonder-drug/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Surface Transportation: Funding Limitations and Barriers To Cross-Modal Decision Making; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1993;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kasun, K.K. Economic Effectiveness of Physician Organizational Models in a California Integrated Healthcare System. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. Millrose to Give a Spotlight to Decathletes. New York Times 2011, B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Urban Science
ISSN (online)	2413-8851
Scope