How to format your references using the Urban Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urban Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ueno, Y. Earth Science. Coping with Low Ocean Sulfate. Science 2014, 346, 703–704.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mahadevan, L.; Rica, S. Self-Organized Origami. Science 2005, 307, 1740.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maertens, G.N.; Hare, S.; Cherepanov, P. The Mechanism of Retroviral Integration from X-Ray Structures of Its Key Intermediates. Nature 2010, 468, 326–329.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bowman, N.M.; Congdon, S.; Mvalo, T.; Patel, J.C.; Escamilla, V.; Emch, M.; Martinson, F.; Hoffman, I.; Meshnick, S.R.; Juliano, J.J. Comparative Population Structure of Plasmodium Falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein NANP Repeat Lengths in Lilongwe, Malawi. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1990.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lee, M.; Bieker, G. Mastering; Wiley Publishing, Inc.: Indianapolis, IN, USA, 2009; ISBN 9781118257388.

An edited book

Data Management in Pervasive Systems; Colace, F., De Santo, M., Moscato, V., Picariello, A., Schreiber, F.A., Tanca, L., Eds.; Data-Centric Systems and Applications; 1st ed. 2015.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; ISBN 9783319200613.

A chapter in an edited book

Thotahewa, K.M.S.; Redouté, J.-M.; Yuce, M.R. Hardware Architectures for IR-UWB-Based Transceivers. In Ultra Wideband Wireless Body Area Networks; Redouté, J.-M., Yuce, M.R., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2014; pp. 67–81 ISBN 9783319052861.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urban Science.

Blog post

Luntz, S. White Roofs Cut Energy Consumption In Cool Climates Too Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/white-roofs-cut-energy-consumption-cool-climates/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Guaranteed Student Loans: Better Criteria Needed for Financing Guarantee Agencies; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1986;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee, S. The Influence of Product Involvement and Fan Identification on Response to Team Sponsors’ Products. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University: Columbus, OH, 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. In Mets’ Lost Season, Collins Defends His Decisions. New York Times 2017, D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Urban Science
ISSN (online)	2413-8851
Scope