How to format your references using the Tropical Plant Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Tropical Plant Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kasahara J (2002) Geophysics. Tides, earthquakes, and volcanoes. Science 297:348–349

A journal article with 2 authors

Somerville MA, Atlas RM (2005) Ethics: a weapon to counter bioterrorism. Science 307:1881–1882

A journal article with 3 authors

Thomas JA, Simcox DJ, Clarke RT (2009) Successful conservation of a threatened Maculinea butterfly. Science 325:80–83

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Glenner H, Thomsen PF, Hebsgaard MB, et al (2006) Evolution. The origin of insects. Science 314:1883–1884

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Scott K (2017) Sustainable and Green Electrochemical Science and Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Murty KG (ed) (2015) Case Studies in Operations Research: Applications of Optimal Decision Making. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Ben Messaoud MA, Bouzid A, Ellouze N (2013) An Efficient Method for Fundamental Frequency Determination of Noisy Speech. In: Drugman T, Dutoit T (eds) Advances in Nonlinear Speech Processing: 6th International Conference, NOLISP 2013, Mons, Belgium, June 19-21, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 33–41

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Tropical Plant Pathology.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Check Out An Old Toothbrush Vs A New Toothbrush Under An Electron Microscope. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/old-and-new-toothbrushes-put-under-electron-microscope/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010) Campaign Finance Reform: Experiences of Two States That Offered Full Public Funding for Political Candidates. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hambarsoomian H (2017) Classification of Placental Chorionic Surface Vasculature Network Features Using Machine Learning Techniques. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2015) The Supreme Court and the Politics of Fear. New York Times SR6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kasahara 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kasahara 2002; Somerville and Atlas 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Somerville and Atlas 2005)
Three or more authors: (Glenner et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Tropical Plant Pathology
ISSN (online)	1983-2052
Scope