How to format your references using the Triple Helix citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Triple Helix. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gossett JM (2002) Environment. Fishing for microbes. Science 298:974–975

A journal article with 2 authors

Guarente L, Kenyon C (2000) Genetic pathways that regulate ageing in model organisms. Nature 408:255–262

A journal article with 3 authors

Eilken HM, Nishikawa S-I, Schroeder T (2009) Continuous single-cell imaging of blood generation from haemogenic endothelium. Nature 457:896–900

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kimura H, Goto J, Yasuda S, et al (2013) The infinite possible growth ambients that support single-wall carbon nanotube forest growth. Sci Rep 3:3334

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Saghyan AS, Langer P (2016) Asymmetric Synthesis of Non&;#x02010;Proteinogenic Amino Acids. Wiley&;#x02010;VCH Verlag GmbH &;#38; Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Lewis D, Eysenbach G, Kukafka R, et al (eds) (2005) Consumer Health Informatics: Informing Consumers and Improving Health Care. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

McLeod K, Mansi T, Sermesant M, et al (2013) Statistical Shape Analysis of Surfaces in Medical Images Applied to the Tetralogy of Fallot Heart. In: Cazals F, Kornprobst P (eds) Modeling in Computational Biology and Biomedicine: A Multidisciplinary Endeavor. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 165–191

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Triple Helix.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Symbiotic Partnership Between Monkeys and Wolves Discovered. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkey-wolf-symbiosis/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) Railroad Safety: Reporting Time Frames and Results of Post-Accident Drug Tests. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Butler BK (2013) Error Floors of LDPC Codes and Related Topics. Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pipher M (2014) Nebraska’s Lonely Progressives. New York Times A17

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gossett 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Guarente and Kenyon 2000; Gossett 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Guarente and Kenyon 2000)
Three or more authors: (Kimura et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Triple Helix
Abbreviation	Triple Helix (Heidelb.)
ISSN (online)	2197-1927
Scope