How to format your references using the Triple Helix citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Triple Helix. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Carmody J (2001) Celebrating science. Nature 412:383

A journal article with 2 authors

Dyker CA, Bertrand G (2008) Chemistry. Soluble allotropes of main-group elements. Science 321:1050–1051

A journal article with 3 authors

Balachandran S, Thomas E, Barber GN (2004) A FADD-dependent innate immune mechanism in mammalian cells. Nature 432:401–405

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Nagpal P, Lindquist NC, Oh S-H, Norris DJ (2009) Ultrasmooth patterned metals for plasmonics and metamaterials. Science 325:594–597

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kadane JB, Schum DA (1997) A Probabilistic Analysis of the Sacco and Vanzetti Evidence: Kadane/A Probabilistic. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dunkelman O, Keliher L (eds) (2016) Selected Areas in Cryptography – SAC 2015: 22nd International Conference, Sackville, NB, Canada, August 12–14, 2015, Revised Selected Papers, 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Syme D, Granicz A, Cisternino A (2007) Mastering Types and Generics. In: Granicz A, Cisternino A (eds) Expert F#. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 101–123

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Triple Helix.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Scientists Double The Size Of Ants. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-shrink-ants-study-how-environment-affects-size/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Can the Federal Communications Commission Successfully Implement Its Computer II Decision? U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams VD (2014) Leadership behavior practice patterns’ relationship to employee work engagement in a nonprofit that supports the homeless. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Loomis G (2012) Franz Schreker’s Triumphant Return. New York Times 0

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Carmody 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Carmody 2001; Dyker and Bertrand 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dyker and Bertrand 2008)
Three or more authors: (Nagpal et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Triple Helix
Abbreviation	Triple Helix (Heidelb.)
ISSN (online)	2197-1927
Scope