How to format your references using the Trends in Parasitology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trends in Parasitology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dunlap, J.C. (2006) Physiology. Running a clock requires quality time together. Science 311, 184–186

A journal article with 2 authors

Logan, B.E. and Elimelech, M. (2012) Membrane-based processes for sustainable power generation using water. Nature 488, 313–319

A journal article with 3 authors

Solomon, B.R. et al. (2014) Separating oil-water nanoemulsions using flux-enhanced hierarchical membranes. Sci. Rep. 4, 5504

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Fujita, S. et al. (2014) A repeatedly refuelable mediated biofuel cell based on a hierarchical porous carbon electrode. Sci. Rep. 4, 4937

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shaw, M.T. (2011) Introduction to Polymer Rheology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Smagghe, G. and Diaz, I., eds. (2012) Arthropod-Plant Interactions: Novel Insights and Approaches for IPM, 14, Springer Netherlands

A chapter in an edited book

Kuznetsov, A. and Mikheev, N. (2013) Particle Dispersion in External Active Media. In Electroweak Processes in External Active Media (Mikheev, N., ed), pp. 45–126, Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trends in Parasitology.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014) Two New Sub-Atomic Particles Discovered at CERN. IFLScience. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/two-new-particles-discovered-worlds-largest-collider/. [Accessed: 30-Oct-2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) USDA Telecommunications: Better Management and Network Planning Could Save Millions, U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robinson, L.M. (2001) Using Time-Resolved Photoluminescence Spectroscopy to Examine Exciton Dynamics in II-VI Semiconductor Nanostructures. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, J. (2017) Celebrating Two Centuries of ThoreauNew York Times, BR4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Trends in Parasitology
Abbreviation	Trends Parasitol.
ISSN (print)	1471-4922
ISSN (online)	1471-5007
Scope	Parasitology Infectious Diseases