How to format your references using the Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Baumann P. Journal club. A molecular biologist explores ways to revolutionize agriculture. Nature 2009;462:547.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Wilks J, Golovkina T. Immunology. Interfering with interferons. Science 2015;347:233–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Schneider T, Bischoff T, Haug GH. Migrations and dynamics of the intertropical convergence zone. Nature 2014;513:45–53.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Siddiqa A, Sims-Mourtada JC, Guzman-Rojas L, Rangel R, Guret C, Madrid-Marina V, et al. Regulation of CD40 and CD40 ligand by the AT-hook transcription factor AKNA. Nature 2001;410:383–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Chan EP. Algorithmic Trading. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Horton K. Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An exchange between Philosophers and NGOs. vol. 23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ekoff M, Nilsson G. Mast Cell Apoptosis and Survival. In: Gilfillan AM, Metcalfe DD, editors. Mast Cell Biology: Contemporary and Emerging Topics, Boston, MA: Springer US; 2011, p. 47–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Scientists Once Caught An Antarctic Fur Seal Trying To Have Sex With Its Mom. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-believe-antarctic-fur-seals-have-oedipus-complex0/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Student Financial Aid: Most Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants Are Awarded to Needy Students. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Singh KK. An 8-PSK receiver using LNA & SRO: Design and mathematical analysis. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Greenspan D. It’s All in the Hands. New York Times 2017:MM28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
Abbreviation	Trends Cardiovasc. Med.
ISSN (print)	1050-1738
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Research and Writing Guides