How to format your references using the Transportation Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brody H (2014) Schizophrenia. Nature 508(7494):S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boughn S, Crittenden R (2004) A correlation between the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure in the Universe. Nature 427(6969):45–47.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hiroi T, Zolensky ME, Pieters CM (2001) The Tagish Lake meteorite: a possible sample from a D-type asteroid. Science 293(5538):2234–2236.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Grupe A, Germer S, Usuka J, Aud D, Belknap JK, Klein RF, Ahluwalia MK, Higuchi R, Peltz G (2001) In silico mapping of complex disease-related traits in mice. Science 292(5523):1915–1918.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Popkin JD (2011) A Concise History of the Haitian Revolution (Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK).

An edited book

Mustakova-Possardt E, Lyubansky M, Basseches M, Oxenberg J eds. (2014) Toward a Socially Responsible Psychology for a Global Era (Springer, New York, NY).

A chapter in an edited book

Dziegiel P, Pula B, Kobierzycki C, Stasiolek M, Podhorska-Okolow M (2016) Metallothioneins and Immune Function. Pula B, Kobierzycki C, Stasiolek M, Podhorska-Okolow M, eds. Metallothioneins in Normal and Cancer Cells. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology. (Springer International Publishing, Cham), 65–77.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Science.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Farming Causes More Air Pollution Than All Other Human Sources Combined. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1972) Examination Into Certain Irregularities Reported as Existing at the Department of Labor Atterbury Job Corps Center near Edinburg, Indiana (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mednick Takami L (2017) Chief Diversity Officers in U.S. Higher Education: Impacting the Campus Climate for Diversity. Doctoral dissertation. (California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper M (2017) Lincoln Center Scraps $500 Million Renovation. New York Times (October 3).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Brody 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Boughn and Crittenden 2004, Brody 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Boughn and Crittenden 2004)
Three or more authors: (Grupe et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Science
ISSN (print)	0041-1655
ISSN (online)	1526-5447
Scope	Transportation

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