How to format your references using the Transportation Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Juma C (2011) Preventing hunger: biotechnology is key. Nature 479(7374):471–472.

A journal article with 2 authors

Roth S, Panfilio KA (2012) Development. Making waves for segments. Science 336(6079):306–307.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zwerger M, Briegel HJ, Dür W (2014) Hybrid architecture for encoded measurement-based quantum computation. Sci. Rep. 4:5364.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Lavallo V, Canac Y, Donnadieu B, Schoeller WW, Bertrand G (2006) Cyclopropenylidenes: from interstellar space to an isolated derivative in the laboratory. Science 312(5774):722–724.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Petrucelli JR, Peters JR (2016) Preventing Fraud and Mismanagement in Government (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ).

An edited book

Fisher M, Sadri F, Thielscher M eds. (2009) Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems: 9th International Workshop, CLIMA IX, Dresden, Germany, September 29-30, 2008. Revised Selected and Invited Papers (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg).

A chapter in an edited book

Majumder M, Barman RN (2013) Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Short-Term Rainfall Forecasting. Majumder M, Barman RN, eds. Application of Nature Based Algorithm in Natural Resource Management. (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht), 43–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Recipient of a Trachea Implant Made From Stem Cells is Still Healthy Five Years Later. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/recipient-trachea-implant-made-stem-cells-still-healthy-five-years-later/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Need for More Effective Audits of Federal Grants and Contracts Administered by Institutions of Higher Education (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Walker D (2017) University Research Adminstrators’ Perception of Incivility and the Relationship to Employee Engagement. Doctoral dissertation. (University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yablonsky L (2011) Upping the Ante. New York Times (October 2).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Juma 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Juma 2011, Roth and Panfilio 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Roth and Panfilio 2012)
Three or more authors: (Lavallo et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Science
ISSN (print)	0041-1655
ISSN (online)	1526-5447
Scope	Transportation