How to format your references using the Transportation Planning and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Planning and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Junge, Christine. 2011. “Morbidity: A Personal Response.” Nature 480 (7376): S14-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, Lihong V., and Song Hu. 2012. “Photoacoustic Tomography: In Vivo Imaging from Organelles to Organs.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 335 (6075): 1458–1462.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lutz, Wolfgang, Jesus Crespo Cuaresma, and Warren Sanderson. 2008. “Economics. The Demography of Educational Attainment and Economic Growth.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 319 (5866): 1047–1048.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Chworos, Arkadiusz, Isil Severcan, Alexey Y. Koyfman, Patrick Weinkam, Emin Oroudjev, Helen G. Hansma, and Luc Jaeger. 2004. “Building Programmable Jigsaw Puzzles with RNA.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 306 (5704): 2068–2072.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eggleston, Brian. 2008. The ICE Conditions of Contract: Seventh Edition. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd.

An edited book

Campora, Juan, and Giuliano Giambastiani, eds. 2011. Olefin Upgrading Catalysis by Nitrogen-Based Metal Complexes II: State of the Art and Perspectives. Vol. 36. Catalysis by Metal Complexes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Hayashi, Yusuke, and Mitsuru Ikeda. 2006. “Knowledge Level Design Support for Adaptive Learning Contents: Ontological Consideration of Knowledge Level Structure of SCORM2004 Contents.” In New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: Joint JSAI 2005 Workshop Post-Proceedings, edited by Takashi Washio, Akito Sakurai, Katsuto Nakajima, Hideaki Takeda, Satoshi Tojo, and Makoto Yokoo, 41–52. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Planning and Technology.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2016. “FDA Bans The Sale Of Antibacterial Soaps.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fda-bans-the-sale-of-antibacterial-soaps/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. Information and Technology Management: Responsibilities, Reporting Relationships, Tenure, and Challenges of Agency Chief Information Officers. GAO-04-957T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson, Nicolas J. 2017. “Queered.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, Ben. 2017. “In Comeback From Injury, Stephens Falls Short Against Another American.” New York Times, July 5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Junge 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Junge 2011; Wang and Hu 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang and Hu 2012)
Three authors: (Lutz, Cuaresma, and Sanderson 2008)
4 or more authors: (Chworos et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Planning and Technology
Abbreviation	Transp. Plan. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0308-1060
ISSN (online)	1029-0354
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Transportation