How to format your references using the Transportation Planning and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Planning and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ramesar, Raj. 2015. “Genomics: African Dawn.” Nature 517 (7534): 276–277.

A journal article with 2 authors

Matthews, H. Damon, and Susan Solomon. 2013. “Atmosphere. Irreversible Does Not Mean Unavoidable.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 340 (6131): 438–439.

A journal article with 3 authors

Conard, Nicholas J., Maria Malina, and Susanne C. Münzel. 2009. “New Flutes Document the Earliest Musical Tradition in Southwestern Germany.” Nature 460 (7256): 737–740.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Bock, J. B., H. T. Matern, A. A. Peden, and R. H. Scheller. 2001. “A Genomic Perspective on Membrane Compartment Organization.” Nature 409 (6822): 839–841.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Agung, I. Gusti Ngurah. 2011. Cross Section and Experimental Data Analysis Using Eviews. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd.

An edited book

Kaeding, Christopher C., and James R. Borchers, eds. 2014. Hamstring and Quadriceps Injuries in Athletes: A Clinical Guide. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Blackwell, John, and Jan Martin. 2011. “Linguistic Points.” In A Scientific Approach to Scientific Writing, edited by Jan Martin, 63–76. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Planning and Technology.

Blog post

Carpineti, Alfredo. 2016. “Do You Know Which Organ This Is?” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/do-you-know-which-organ-this-is/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. Highways and Transit: Private Sector Sponsorship of and Investment in Major Projects Has Been Limited. GAO-04-419. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schroeder, Mariel. 2017. “Investigating the Learnability of a Rogue Grammar: Null Subject Parameter Resetting in Second Language Acquisition.” Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, James. 2016. “A Tree Older Than Columbus Finally Succumbs.” New York Times, October 16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ramesar 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Ramesar 2015; Matthews and Solomon 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Matthews and Solomon 2013)
Three authors: (Conard, Malina, and Münzel 2009)
4 or more authors: (Bock et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Planning and Technology
Abbreviation	Transp. Plan. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0308-1060
ISSN (online)	1029-0354
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Transportation