How to format your references using the Transportation Planning and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Transportation Planning and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Casassus, B. 2000. “MAD COW DISEASE: New Recruits for French Prion Research.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 290 (5497): 1671a.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nimmo, Francis, and Robert T. Pappalardo. 2006. “Diapir-Induced Reorientation of Saturn’s Moon Enceladus.” Nature 441 (7093): 614–616.

A journal article with 3 authors

Roberts, J. Murray, Andrew J. Wheeler, and André Freiwald. 2006. “Reefs of the Deep: The Biology and Geology of Cold-Water Coral Ecosystems.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5773): 543–547.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Schenkl, S., F. van Mourik, G. van der Zwan, S. Haacke, and M. Chergui. 2005. “Probing the Ultrafast Charge Translocation of Photoexcited Retinal in Bacteriorhodopsin.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5736): 917–920.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Akivis, Maks A., and Vladislav V. Goldberg. 1996. Conformal Differential Geometry and Its Generalizations. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wunderlich, Hans-Joachim, ed. 2010. Models in Hardware Testing: Lecture Notes of the Forum in Honor of Christian Landrault. Vol. 43. Frontiers in Electronic Testing. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Tranmer, Mark, and Emmanuel Lazega. 2016. “Multilevel Models for Multilevel Network Dependencies.” In Multilevel Network Analysis for the Social Sciences: Theory, Methods and Applications, edited by Emmanuel Lazega and Tom A. B. Snijders, 107–124. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Transportation Planning and Technology.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “What Is Insomnia And What Can You Do About It?” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-insomnia-and-what-can-you-do-about-it/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Telecommunications: Issues Related to Local Telephone Service. RCED-00-237. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Voss, Jennifer. 2013. “Supported Housing Program for Severely Mentally Ill Homeless Individuals: A Grant Proposal.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, John. 2017. “Zinzi Clemmons.” New York Times, May 25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Casassus 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Casassus 2000; Nimmo and Pappalardo 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nimmo and Pappalardo 2006)
Three authors: (Roberts, Wheeler, and Freiwald 2006)
4 or more authors: (Schenkl et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Transportation Planning and Technology
Abbreviation	Transp. Plan. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0308-1060
ISSN (online)	1029-0354
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Transportation