How to format your references using the Translational Neurodegeneration citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Translational Neurodegeneration. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Maddox J. Positioning the goalposts. Nature. 2000;403:139.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Choi J-K, Bowles S. The coevolution of parochial altruism and war. Science. 2007;318:636–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ghimire A, Shafran E, Gerton JM. Using a sharp metal tip to control the polarization and direction of emission from a quantum dot. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6456.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Bildirici L, Smith P, Tzavelas C, Horefti E, Rickwood D. Transfection of cells by immunoporation. Nature. 2000;405:298.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lenk R, Lenk C. Practical Lighting Design With LEDs. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Colombo J. Clinical Autonomic Dysfunction: Measurement, Indications, Therapies, and Outcomes. Arora R, DePace NL, Vinik AI, editors. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Alazawi Z, Abdljabar MB, Altowaijri S, Vegni AM, Mehmood R. ICDMS: An Intelligent Cloud Based Disaster Management System for Vehicular Networks. In: Vinel A, Mehmood R, Berbineau M, Garcia CR, Huang C-M, Chilamkurti N, editors. Communication Technologies for Vehicles: 4th International Workshop, Nets4Cars/Nets4Trains 2012, Vilnius, Lithuania, April 25-27, 2012 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 40–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Translational Neurodegeneration.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Vultures In Crisis: Poachers And Poison Threaten Nature’s Garbage Disposers. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Mass Transit: Federal Participation in Transit Benefit Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Sep. Report No.: T-RCED-93-72.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Goshin LS. Behavior Problems and Competence in Preschoolers Who Spent Their First One to Eighteen Months in a Prison Nursery Program [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Poniewozik J, Hale M. Ahead of Its Time? Let’s Look Back. New York Times. 2017 May 17;AR29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Translational Neurodegeneration
Abbreviation	Transl. Neurodegener.
ISSN (online)	2047-9158
Scope

Research and Writing Guides