How to format your references using the Translational Neurodegeneration citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Translational Neurodegeneration. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Coleman P. Physics. The lowdown on heavy fermions. Science. 2010;327:969–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M. Molecular chaperones in the cytosol: from nascent chain to folded protein. Science. 2002;295:1852–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Cartwright HN, Humphries JA, Smith LG. PAN1: a receptor-like protein that promotes polarization of an asymmetric cell division in maize. Science. 2009;323:649–51.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Schwender J, Goffman F, Ohlrogge JB, Shachar-Hill Y. Rubisco without the Calvin cycle improves the carbon efficiency of developing green seeds. Nature. 2004;432:779–82.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Safonov VO. Trustworthy Cloud Computing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

1. Wehrtmann IS, Cortés J, editors. Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Tu S-F, Hsu C-S. A Digital Rights Management Approach for Gray-Level Images. In: Singh S, Singh M, Apte C, Perner P, editors. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition, ICAPR 2005, Bath, UK, August 22-25, 2005, Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Translational Neurodegeneration.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Slowdown Of Brain’s Waste Removal System Could Drive Alzheimer’s [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/slowdown-brain-s-waste-removal-system-could-drive-alzheimer-s/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Airport Privatization: Issues Related to the Sale or Lease of U.S. Commercial Airports. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Nov. Report No.: RCED-97-3.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Esmaili G. Application of Advanced Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Sources and Hybrid Generating Systems [Doctoral dissertation]. [Columbus, OH]: Ohio State University; 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Marx L. The Gown Is Free, the Salute Heartfelt. New York Times. 2015 Nov 8;ST23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Translational Neurodegeneration
Abbreviation	Transl. Neurodegener.
ISSN (online)	2047-9158
Scope