How to format your references using the Translation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Translation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turney C. This was no Antarctic pleasure cruise. Nature 2014; 505:133.

A journal article with 2 authors

Roth A, Diederichs S. Molecular biology: Rap and chirp about X inactivation. Nature 2015; 521:170–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Powell A, Shennan S, Thomas MG. Late Pleistocene demography and the appearance of modern human behavior. Science 2009; 324:1298–301.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Söllner C, Burghammer M, Busch-Nentwich E, Berger J, Schwarz H, Riekel C, Nicolson T. Control of crystal size and lattice formation by starmaker in otolith biomineralization. Science 2003; 302:282–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minoli D. A Networking Approach to Grid Computing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2004.

An edited book

Qadeer S, Tasiran S, editors. Runtime Verification: Third International Conference, RV 2012, Istanbul, Turkey, September 25-28, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Chopra S, Shim S, Steffy DE. A few strong knapsack facets. In: Defourny B, Terlaky T, editors. Modeling and Optimization: Theory and Applications: MOPTA, Bethlehem, PA, USA, August 2014 Selected Contributions. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. page 77–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Translation.

Blog post

Andrew D. At What Age Is It Easiest To Learn A Second Language? [Internet]. IFLScience2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/at-what-age-is-it-easiest-to-learn-a-second-language/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Joint Strike Fighter: DOD Plans to Enter Production before Testing Demonstrates Acceptable Performance. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee S. Data-driven computer vision for science and the humanities. 2016;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Perlroth N, Scott M, Frenkel S. A Cyberattack Hits Ukraine, Then Spreads. New York Times2017; :A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Translation
Abbreviation	Translation (Austin)
ISSN (online)	2169-0731
Scope