How to format your references using the Trames citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Trames. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willyard, Cassandra (2014) “Risk factors: riddle of the rays”. Nature 515, 7527, S112-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lucht, Michael and Dieter Rosskopf (2008) “Comment on “Genetically determined differences in learning from errors””. Science (New York, N.Y.) 321, 5886, 200; author reply 200.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Rong, Sean D. Willett, and Liran Goren (2015) “In situ low-relief landscape formation as a result of river network disruption”. Nature 520, 7548, 526–529.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Maile, Tobias, Simona Kwoczynski, Rebeccah J. Katzenberger, David A. Wassarman, and Frank Sauer (2004) “TAF1 activates transcription by phosphorylation of serine 33 in histone H2B”. Science (New York, N.Y.) 304, 5673, 1010–1014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chen, Wai-Yee (2013) NeuroInvesting. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Venghaus, Herbert, ed. (2006) Wavelength Filters in Fibre Optics. Vol. 123. (Springer Series in Optical Sciences). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Shear, Jonathan (2014) “Converging on the Self: Western Philosophy, Eastern Meditation and Scientific Research”. In Sangeetha Menon, Anindya Sinha, and B. V. Sreekantan, eds. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Consciousness and the Self, 41–50. New Delhi: Springer India.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Trames.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin (2017) Mount Everest May Have Suddenly Changed Height. Available online at <https://www.iflscience.com/environment/mount-everest-suddenly-changed-height/>. Accessed 30.10.2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Small Business Research Programs: Agencies Did Not Consistently Comply with Spending and Reporting Requirements. GAO-14-567T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alsobrook, Joseph A. (2013) Music Education in America: A Content Analysis and National Perspective of Standards-Based Outcomes for K–8 General Music. Doctoral dissertation. St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines, Michael and Manny Fernandez (2016) “Stricter Rules Over Voter IDs Reshape Races”. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Willyard 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Lucht and Rosskopf 2008; Willyard 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lucht and Rosskopf 2008)
Three or more authors: (Maile et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Trames
ISSN (print)	1406-0922
ISSN (online)	1736-7514
Scope