How to format your references using the Toxicology in Vitro citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Toxicology in Vitro. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M., 2010. Structural biology: The gatekeepers revealed. Nature 465, 823–826.

A journal article with 2 authors

Seelig, J.D., Jayaraman, V., 2013. Feature detection and orientation tuning in the Drosophila central complex. Nature 503, 262–266.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ugalde, J.A., Chang, B.S.W., Matz, M.V., 2004. Evolution of coral pigments recreated. Science 305, 1433.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cantlon, J.F., Cordes, S., Libertus, M.E., Brannon, E.M., 2009. Comment on “Log or linear? Distinct intuitions of the number scale in Western and Amazonian indigene cultures.” Science 323, 38; author reply 38.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abraham, A., 2012. The Trend Following Bible. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Simeonov, L., Sargsyan, V. (Eds.), 2008. Soil Chemical Pollution, Risk Assessment, Remediation and Security, NATO Science for Peace and Security Series. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Smith, G.F., 2011. The Generation Of Integrity Bases, in: Rilvil, R.S. (Ed.), Non-Linear Continuum Theories in Mechanics and Physics and Their Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 311–351.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Toxicology in Vitro.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. New Stem Cell Treatment Leaves Scientists “Stunned” As Wheelchair-Bound Stroke Patient Walks Again [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/new-stem-cell-treatment-leaves-scientists-stunned-as-wheelchairbound-stroke-patient-walks-again/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Aviation Security: TSA Should Limit Future Funding for Behavior Detection Activities (No. GAO-14-158T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tsai, H.-Y., 2006. Elucidating the Role of Protein Cofactors in RNA Catalysis Using Ribonuclease P as the Model System (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky, M., 2017. International Rents Per Square Foot. New York Times RE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Baker, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Baker, 2010; Seelig and Jayaraman, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Seelig and Jayaraman, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Cantlon et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Toxicology in Vitro
Abbreviation	Toxicol. In Vitro
ISSN (print)	0887-2333
Scope	General Medicine Toxicology