How to format your references using the Topoi citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Topoi. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kappeler PM (2013) Evolution. Why male mammals are monogamous. Science 341:469–470

A journal article with 2 authors

Kobayashi T, Ganley ARD (2005) Recombination regulation by transcription-induced cohesin dissociation in rDNA repeats. Science 309:1581–1584

A journal article with 3 authors

Mulligan CJ, Kitchen A, Miyamoto MM (2006) Comment on “Population size does not influence mitochondrial genetic diversity in animals.” Science 314:1390

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Rahman MA, Masuda A, Ohe K, et al (2013) HnRNP L and hnRNP LL antagonistically modulate PTB-mediated splicing suppression of CHRNA1 pre-mRNA. Sci Rep 3:2931

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sedlacek HH, Sapienza AM, Eid V (2008) Ways to Successful Strategies in Drug Research and Development. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Pohlmann M, Yang J, Lee J-H (eds) (2013) Citizenship and Migration in the Era of Globalization: The Flow of Migrants and the Perception of Citizenship in Asia and Europe. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Brancaccio G, Sito G (2016) Therapies of Hyperhidrosis Through Topical Agents. In: Sito G (ed) Hyperhidrosis: Clinician’s Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 19–22

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Topoi.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) This Area’s Inhabitants Speak More Languages Than Anywhere Else On Earth. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/this-areas-inhabitants-speak-more-languages-than-anywhere-else-on-earth/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Comments on Department of Education Use of Subsequent-Year Appropriations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kurum M (2009) L-band estimation of forest canopy attenuation by a time-domain analysis of radar backscatter response. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2001) Frequent Fliers: Takeout Menus Can’t Compete With Politics. New York Times 144

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kappeler 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Kobayashi and Ganley 2005; Kappeler 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kobayashi and Ganley 2005)
Three or more authors: (Rahman et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Topoi
Abbreviation	Topoi (Dordr.)
ISSN (print)	0167-7411
ISSN (online)	1572-8749
Scope	Philosophy