How to format your references using the Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tokura, Yoshinori. 2006. “Materials Science. Multiferroics as Quantum Electromagnets.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5779): 1481–1482.

A journal article with 2 authors

Camasso, Nicole M., and Melanie S. Sanford. 2015. “Design, Synthesis, and Carbon-Heteroatom Coupling Reactions of Organometallic Nickel(IV) Complexes.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 347 (6227): 1218–1220.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huang, Xiaoge, Yousheng Xu, and Shun-Ichiro Karato. 2005. “Water Content in the Transition Zone from Electrical Conductivity of Wadsleyite and Ringwoodite.” Nature 434 (7034): 746–749.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Smith, Doug M., Stephen Cusack, Andrew W. Colman, Chris K. Folland, Glen R. Harris, and James M. Murphy. 2007. “Improved Surface Temperature Prediction for the Coming Decade from a Global Climate Model.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 317 (5839): 796–799.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Saunders, Anthony, and Linda Allen. 2010. Credit Risk Management in and Out of the Financial Crisis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Nedović, Viktor, Peter Raspor, Jovanka Lević, Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac, and Gustavo V. Barbosa-Cánovas, eds. 2016. Emerging and Traditional Technologies for Safe, Healthy and Quality Food. Food Engineering Series. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Hess, Leopold. 2015. “The Meaning of Normativity of Meaning.” In Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following, edited by Michał Araszkiewicz, Paweł Banaś, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki, and Krzysztof Płeszka, 57–66. Law and Philosophy Library. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2015. “Squid Can Recode Their Own Genetics.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/squid-recode-their-own-genetics/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Commercial Space Launches: FAA’s Risk Assessment Process Is Not Yet Updated. GAO-14-328T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ringler, Ilene. 2008. “Values Satisfaction and Participation in a Community Leadership Program: A Case Study.” Doctoral dissertation, Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. “A Cosmic Comeuppance for the Dodgers.” New York Times, April 29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tokura 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Tokura 2006; Camasso and Sanford 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Camasso and Sanford 2015)
Three authors: (Huang, Xu, and Karato 2005)
4 or more authors: (Smith et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science
Abbreviation	Theor. Issues Ergon.
ISSN (print)	1463-922X
ISSN (online)	1464-536X
Scope	Human Factors and Ergonomics