How to format your references using the Theoretical and Applied Genetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical and Applied Genetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marston G (2012) Chemistry. An elusive intermediate gets caught. Science 335:178–179

A journal article with 2 authors

Wilks J, Golovkina T (2015) Immunology. Interfering with interferons. Science 347:233–234

A journal article with 3 authors

Piovia-Scott J, Spiller DA, Schoener TW (2011) Effects of experimental seaweed deposition on lizard and ant predation in an island food web. Science 331:461–463

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Gómez-Gutiérrez J, Peterson WT, De Robertis A, Brodeur RD (2003) Mass mortality of krill caused by parasitoid ciliates. Science 301:339

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kelly VA (2015) ADDICTION in the Family: What Every Counselor Needs to Know. American Counseling Association, Alexandria, USA

An edited book

Salmon P (ed) (2011) Categories and Commutative Algebra. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Ribatti D, Crivellato E (2011) Tumour Angiogenesis. In: Crivellato E (ed) Mast Cells and Tumours: from Biology to Clinic. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 67–81

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

Blog post

Fang J (2016) Why Is Panda Poop Gooey In The Summertime? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Avoiding Major Disruptions Will Require Strong Leadership and Effective Partnerships. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pham MM-X (2017) Flymed Pharmacy, LLC, Home Delivery Services a Business Plan. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2009) Soul Food With a Secret. New York Times NJ9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marston 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Marston 2012; Wilks and Golovkina 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wilks and Golovkina 2015)
Three or more authors: (Gómez-Gutiérrez et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical and Applied Genetics
Abbreviation	Züchter Genet. Breed. Res.
ISSN (print)	0040-5752
ISSN (online)	1432-2242
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Biotechnology Genetics General Medicine