How to format your references using the Theoretical and Applied Genetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical and Applied Genetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gladman B (2005) The Kuiper belt and the solar system’s comet disk. Science 307:71–75

A journal article with 2 authors

Schwartz MA, Chen CS (2013) Cell biology. Deconstructing dimensionality. Science 339:402–404

A journal article with 3 authors

Adini Y, Sagi D, Tsodyks M (2002) Context-enabled learning in the human visual system. Nature 415:790–793

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Marley R, Giachello CNG, Scrutton NS, et al (2014) Cryptochrome-dependent magnetic field effect on seizure response in Drosophila larvae. Sci Rep 4:5799

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brunet R (2013) Sustainable Geography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dey B, Sorour K, Filieri R (eds) (2016) ICTs in Developing Countries: Research, Practices and Policy Implications. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London

A chapter in an edited book

Kornilovitch P (2007) Path Integrals in the Physics of Lattice Polarons. In: Alexandrov AS (ed) Polarons in Advanced Materials. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 192–230

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Success Story In Hepatitis C Combination Therapy. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/success-story-hepatitis-c-combination-therapy/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Airline Scheduling: Airlines’ On-Time Performance. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen D (2009) Deus-ex-machina: A modern skeptic’s relentless scrutiny of the production of ethics in post-colonial literature and postcolonialism. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kaplan T, Shear MD (2017) As Conservatives Grouse, House Passes Disaster Aid and Debt Limit Package. New York Times A16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gladman 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Gladman 2005; Schwartz and Chen 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schwartz and Chen 2013)
Three or more authors: (Marley et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical and Applied Genetics
Abbreviation	Züchter Genet. Breed. Res.
ISSN (print)	0040-5752
ISSN (online)	1432-2242
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Biotechnology Genetics General Medicine