How to format your references using the Theoretical and Applied Climatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical and Applied Climatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Christian CE (2001) Consequences of a biological invasion reveal the importance of mutualism for plant communities. Nature 413:635–639

A journal article with 2 authors

Boss PK, Thomas MR (2002) Association of dwarfism and floral induction with a grape “green revolution” mutation. Nature 416:847–850

A journal article with 3 authors

Kumar D, Barman S, Barman A (2014) Magnetic vortex based transistor operations. Sci Rep 4:4108

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Long J, Huang X, Liao Y, et al (2014) Prediction of post-earthquake depressive and anxiety symptoms: a longitudinal resting-state fMRI study. Sci Rep 4:6423

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vaseghi SV (2001) Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Noise Reduction. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Adler SS (2008) PNF in Practice: An Illustrated Guide, Third edition. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Orbay H, Cai W (2014) Tissue Engineering Applications for Peripheral Nerve Repair. In: Cai W (ed) Engineering in Translational Medicine. Springer, London, pp 133–153

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical and Applied Climatology.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Five Reasons Not To Care About Climate Change. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/five-reasons-not-care-about-climate-change/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Commercial Aviation: Potential Safety and Capacity Issues Associated with the Introduction of the New A380 Aircraft. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grefe SE (2013) Plasmonic and topological insulator nanostructures and metamaterials nanoscale near-field investigations: Experiment and theory. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2013) Brooklyn Is Roasting by an Open Fire. New York Times E11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Christian 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Christian 2001; Boss and Thomas 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Boss and Thomas 2002)
Three or more authors: (Long et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Abbreviation	Theor. Appl. Climatol.
ISSN (print)	0177-798X
ISSN (online)	1434-4483
Scope	Atmospheric Science