How to format your references using the The Rangeland Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Rangeland Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nestler EJ (2003) Obituary: Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic (1937-2003). Nature 425, 471.

A journal article with 2 authors

Palmer MA, Filoso S (2009) Restoration of ecosystem services for environmental markets. Science (New York, NY) 325, 575–576.

A journal article with 3 authors

Esvelt KM, Carlson JC, Liu DR (2011) A system for the continuous directed evolution of biomolecules. Nature 472, 499–503.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zrenner A, Beham E, Stufler S, Findeis F, Bichler M, Abstreiter G (2002) Coherent properties of a two-level system based on a quantum-dot photodiode. Nature 418, 612–614.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

De Vos A (2010) ‘Reversible Computing.’ (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, Germany)

An edited book

Huang R, Kinshuk, Price JK (Eds) (2016) ‘ICT in Education in Global Context: Comparative Reports of Innovations in K-12 Education.’ (Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg)

A chapter in an edited book

Verhagen HJ (2005) Classical, Innovative and Unconventional Coastline Protection Methods. ‘Environmentally Friendly Coastal Protection: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Environmentally Friendly Coastal Protection Structures Varna, Bulgaria 25–27 May 2004’. (Eds C Zimmermann, RG Dean, V Penchev, HJ Verhagen) NATO Science Series. pp. 57–71. (Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Rangeland Journal.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) What Drives The Appearance Of New Species? IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Federal Research Grants: Compensation Paid to Graduate Students at the University of California. U.S. Government Printing Office, OSI-99-8. (Washington, DC)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Freeman MJ (2012) Gene-environment interaction in early onset bipolar disorder. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2006) At a Russian Hospital, Art Inspires Children. New York Times B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nestler 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Nestler 2003; Palmer and Filoso 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Palmer and Filoso 2009)
Three or more authors: (Zrenner et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Rangeland Journal
Abbreviation	Rangel. J.
ISSN (print)	1036-9872
ISSN (online)	1834-7541
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology