How to format your references using the The Nucleus citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Nucleus. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. de Lozanne A. Physics. Music of the spheres at the atomic scale. Science. 2004;305:348–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Suzuki S, Kimura H. Indirect reciprocity is sensitive to costs of information transfer. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1435.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Martin-Lluesma S, Stucke VM, Nigg EA. Role of Hec1 in spindle checkpoint signaling and kinetochore recruitment of Mad1/Mad2. Science. 2002;297:2267–70.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Alvarez-Vasquez F, Sims KJ, Cowart LA, Okamoto Y, Voit EO, Hannun YA. Simulation and validation of modelled sphingolipid metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature. 2005;433:425–30.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Evans R. Seven Secrets of the Savvy School Leader. San Francisco, CA, USA: Jossey-Bass; 2010.

An edited book

1. Grosse C, Ohtsu M, editors. Acoustic Emission Testing: Basics for Research - Applications in Civil Engineering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Stolzenburg J-U, Liatsikos EN, Schwalenberg T, Häfner T, Do M, Orth S, et al. Miscellaneous. In: Stolzenburg J-U, Türk IA, Liatsikos EN, editors. Laparoscopic and Robot-Assisted Surgery in Urology: Atlas of Standard Procedures. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 363–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Nucleus.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Diver Nearly Gets Swallowed By Whale. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Effect of P.L. 99-177 on Teacher Loan Cancellation Program]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986 Sep. Report No.: B-221498.13.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Dinh H. A study of cell-based genetic algorithms with applications to neural networks [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wines M. 3 Lawsuits Filed Against White House Panel on Voter Fraud. New York Times. 2017 Jul 10;A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Nucleus
Abbreviation	Nucleus (Calcutta)
ISSN (print)	0029-568X
ISSN (online)	0976-7975
Scope	Cell Biology Genetics Molecular Biology Molecular Medicine