How to format your references using the The National Medical Journal of India citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The National Medical Journal of India. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Parks JE 2nd. Chemistry. Less costly catalysts for controlling engine emissions. Science 2010;327:1584–85.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sung CO, Sohn I. The expression pattern of 19 genes predicts the histology of endometrial carcinoma. Sci Rep 2014;4:5174.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nozaki T, Kato Y, Suzuki K. Late Jurassic ocean anoxic event: evidence from voluminous sulphide deposition and preservation in the Panthalassa. Sci Rep 2013;3:1889.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Carreira S, Goodall J, Aksan I, La Rocca SA, Galibert M-D, Denat L, et al. Mitf cooperates with Rb1 and activates p21Cip1 expression to regulate cell cycle progression. Nature 2005;433:764–69.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tanwir S, Perros H. VBR Video Traffic Models. Chichester, UK:John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

ten Cate B, Mileo A, editors. Web Reasoning and Rule Systems: 9th International Conference, RR 2015, Berlin, Germany, August 4-5, 2015, Proceedings. Cham:Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Butler JL, Sherman CH. Transducers as Projectors. In: Sherman CH (ed.). Transducers and Arrays for Underwater Sound. Cham:Springer International Publishing; 2016:185–280.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The National Medical Journal of India.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Small Tropical Islands Could Become The World’s First 100% Renewable Nations. IFLScience. 2016; published online June 21.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Maritime Administration: Efforts To Improve Data on the Federal Ship Financing Program. Washington, DC:U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wenzel AB. Learning the culture of teaching: A middle school perspective. 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. Daughter, You’ve Turned Into Your Mother. New York Times. 2017;:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The National Medical Journal of India
Abbreviation	Natl. Med. J. India
ISSN (print)	0970-258X
Scope	General Medicine