How to format your references using the The National Medical Journal of India citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The National Medical Journal of India. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Michel-Kerjan E. Effective risk response needs a prepared mindset. Nature 2015;517:413.

A journal article with 2 authors

Seddon N, Bearpark T. Observation of the inverse Doppler effect. Science 2003;302:1537–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huber D, Veinante P, Stoop R. Vasopressin and oxytocin excite distinct neuronal populations in the central amygdala. Science 2005;308:245–48.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gallavotti A, Zhao Q, Kyozuka J, Meeley RB, Ritter MK, Doebley JF, et al. The role of barren stalk1 in the architecture of maize. Nature 2004;432:630–35.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blundell A, Harrison R, Turney B. The Essential Guide to Becoming a Doctor. Oxford, UK:Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.

An edited book

Shimomura Y, Kimita K, editors. The Philosopher’s Stone for Sustainability: Proceedings of the 4th CIRP International Conference on Industrial Product-Service Systems, Tokyo, Japan, November 8th - 9th, 2012. Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Weinberg AD. The Role of OX40 (CD134) in T-Cell Memory Generation. In: Zanetti M, Schoenberger SP (eds.). Memory T Cells. New York, NY:Springer; 2010:57–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The National Medical Journal of India.

Blog post

Andrews R. These 7,400-Year-Old ‘Mythical Beast’ Footprints Have Just Changed The Entire History Of Tibet. IFLScience. 2017; published online Jan 6. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/7400-mythical-beast-footprints-changed-entire-history-tibet/ (accessed on 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Assessments of Selected Large-Scale Projects. Washington, DC:U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davidson WB. High school athletics and the “whole adolescent”: A case study of three urban high schools. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper H. Bush Is Likely to End Term With Iran Issue Unsettled. New York Times. 2008;:A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The National Medical Journal of India
Abbreviation	Natl. Med. J. India
ISSN (print)	0970-258X
Scope	General Medicine