How to format your references using the The Malaysian Journal of Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Malaysian Journal of Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lafferty KD. Microbiology. Interacting parasites. Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):187–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Heilbron JL, Bynum WF. Millennial highlights...from Gerbert d’Aurillac to Watson and Crick. Nature. 2000 Jan 6;403(6765):13–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Davies JP, Chen FW, Ioannou YA. Transmembrane molecular pump activity of Niemann-Pick C1 protein. Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2295–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Watanabe T, Tomizawa SI, Mitsuya K, Totoki Y, Yamamoto Y, Kuramochi-Miyagawa S, et al. Role for piRNAs and noncoding RNA in de novo DNA methylation of the imprinted mouse Rasgrf1 locus. Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):848–52.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kiehl AR, Mays MBC. Atlas for the Diagnosis of Tumors in the Dog and Cat. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Fraser-Reid BO, Tatsuta K, Thiem J, editors. Glycoscience: Chemistry and Chemical Biology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. eReference.

A chapter in an edited book

Chaddad FR, Cook ML. Conversions and Other Forms of Exit in U.S. Agricultural Cooperatives. In: Nilsson J, editor. Vertical Markets and Cooperative Hierarchies: The Role of Cooperatives in the Agri-Food Industry. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007. p. 61–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Malaysian Journal of Pathology.

Blog post

Andrew E. How Did Life On Earth Start? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-did-life-earth-start/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Export Controls: Sale of Telecommunications Equipment to China. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Nov. Report No.: NSIAD-97-5.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grass DS. Assessing the impacts of air pollution and extreme weather on human health in the urban environment [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Ruling Helps Prosecutors In Death Penalty Cases. New York Times. 2007 Jun 5;A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Malaysian Journal of Pathology
ISSN (print)	0126-8635
Scope