How to format your references using the The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marshall, C. R. 2015. ECOLOGY/PALEONTOLOGY. How stable are food webs during a mass extinction? Science. 350: 38–39.

A journal article with 2 authors

Morris, S. C. and Caron, J.-B. 2007. Halwaxiids and the early evolution of the lophotrochozoans. Science. 315: 1255–1258.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gutiérrez, N. L., Hilborn, R. and Defeo, O. 2011. Leadership, social capital and incentives promote successful fisheries. Nature. 470: 386–389.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Joksimovic, R., Watanabe, S., Riemer, S., Gradzielski, M. and Yoshikawa, K. 2014. Self-organized patterning through the dynamic segregation of DNA and silica nanoparticles. Sci. Rep. 4: 3660.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

van Helvoort, H. 2006. SDH/SONET Explained in Functional Models, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

2008. Turbopumps and Pumping Systems, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Anderson, A. R. A., Chaplain, M. A. J. and McDougall, S. 2012. A Hybrid Discrete-Continuum Model of Tumour Induced Angiogenesis. pp. 105–133. In: Modeling Tumor Vasculature: Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Level Aspects and Implications, (Jackson, Trachette L. eds.) Springer, New York, NY.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.

Blog post

Andrew, D. Growing Use Of Smart Drugs By Students Could Be A Recipe For Disaster. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/growing-use-of-smart-drugs-by-students-could-be-a-recipe-for-disaster/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Issues to Be Considered During Deliberations to Reauthorize the Federal-Aid Highway Program.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson, B. D. Application of systems engineering principles for analysis of utility baseline development process.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. Justices Broaden Immunity For Officers.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [4, 6–8].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
ISSN (print)	0916-7250
ISSN (online)	1347-7439
Scope