How to format your references using the The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fabian, A. C. 2002. Radio galaxies. Bubbles, flows, and fields. Science. 296: 1040–1041.

A journal article with 2 authors

Grey, K. and Calver, C. R. 2007. Ediacaran oxidation and biotic evolution. Nature. 450: E17; discussion E18.

A journal article with 3 authors

Korkhov, V. M., Mireku, S. A. and Locher, K. P. 2012. Structure of AMP-PNP-bound vitamin B12 transporter BtuCD-F. Nature. 490: 367–372.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zürch, M., Rothhardt, J., Hädrich, S., Demmler, S., Krebs, M., Limpert, J., Tünnermann, A., Guggenmos, A., Kleineberg, U. and Spielmann, C. 2014. Real-time and sub-wavelength ultrafast coherent diffraction imaging in the extreme ultraviolet. Sci. Rep. 4: 7356.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ventre, D. 2016. Information Warfare, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2016. Mega Events in Post-Soviet Eurasia: Shifting Borderlines of Inclusion and Exclusion, Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Jensen, M. and Vereda, M. 2016. The Origins and Development of Antarctic Tourism Through Ushuaia as a Gateway Port. pp. 75–99. In: Tourism in Antarctica: A Multidisciplinary View of New Activities Carried Out on the White Continent, (Jensen, Marie, Vereda, Marisol, Sánchez, Rodolfo A. and Roura, Ricardo eds.) Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.

Blog post

Davis, J. Mysterious “X-Files” Sounds Heard 36km Above Earth’s Surface. https://www.iflscience.com/space/mysterious-x-files-sounds-heard-36km-above-earths-surface/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Grant Funds to Eisenhower College.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhang, X. Electroweak interactions and the delta resonance in a chiral effective field theory for nuclei.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. Poetry in Missed Connections.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [2, 4, 6, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
ISSN (print)	0916-7250
ISSN (online)	1347-7439
Scope