How to format your references using the The Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Woolston C: Breast cancer: 4 big questions. Nature 2015; 527: S120.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pandey A and Mann M: Proteomics to study genes and genomes. Nature 2000; 405: 837–846.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bowler C, Karl DM and Colwell RR: Microbial oceanography in a sea of opportunity. Nature 2009; 459: 180–184.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Leong KG, Wang B-E, Johnson L, et al: Generation of a prostate from a single adult stem cell. Nature 2008; 456: 804–808.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Haas TC: Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecosystem Managers. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

Sheaff MT: Cytopathology: An Introduction. ( Edited by N Singh). London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Xu S, Batten I and Ryan M: Dynamic Measurement and Protected Execution: Model and Analysis. In: Trustworthy Global Computing: 8th International Symposium, TGC 2013, Buenos Aires, Argentina, August 30-31, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Edited by M Abadi and A Lluch Lafuente. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2014; pp 45–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Urology.

Blog post

Andrew E: Enormous Spider Web Spotted In Texas. IFLScience 2015. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monster-spider-web-spotted-texas/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Pipeline Safety Risk Assessment Program Could Help Evaluate Inspection Cycle. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pincolini R: Latchkey girls. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M: Political Memo; The New Year at a New Age Retreat: The Clintons in Agreeable Company. New York Times 1992: A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Urology
Abbreviation	J. Urol.
ISSN (print)	0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
Scope	Urology

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