How to format your references using the The Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chen IA: GE Prize-winning essay. The emergence of cells during the origin of life. Science 2006; 314: 1558–1559.

A journal article with 2 authors

Milo R and Last RL: Achieving diversity in the face of constraints: lessons from metabolism. Science 2012; 336: 1663–1667.

A journal article with 3 authors

Meza LR, Das S and Greer JR: Strong, lightweight, and recoverable three-dimensional ceramic nanolattices. Science 2014; 345: 1322–1326.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Buchwalow I, Schnekenburger J, Tiemann K, et al: L-arginine-NO-cGMP signalling pathway in pancreatitis. Sci. Rep. 2013; 3: 1899.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Padmanabhan TR and Bala Tripura Sundari B: Design Through Verilog HDL. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Borsali R and Pecora R eds: Soft Matter Characterization. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Lautenbacher F, Diefenthaler P, Langermeier M, et al: Planning Support for Enterprise Changes. In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling: 6th IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference, PoEM 2013, Riga, Latvia, November 6-7, 2013, Proceedings. Edited by J Grabis, M Kirikova, J Zdravkovic, et al. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2013; pp 54–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Urology.

Blog post

Hale T: Three Deer Were Found In The Belly Of This Burmese Python In Florida. IFLScience 2016. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/three-deer-were-found-in-the-belly-of-this-burmese-python-in-florida/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: High-Risk Series: Student Financial Aid. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quick TD: Faith-based charter school success at education ground zero. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S: Russian Cancels Pardon Request In Chechen Case. New York Times 2004: A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Urology
Abbreviation	J. Urol.
ISSN (print)	0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
Scope	Urology