How to format your references using the The Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ajdari A: Physics. Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932-2007). Science 2007; 317: 466.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jacque J-M and Stevenson M: The inner-nuclear-envelope protein emerin regulates HIV-1 infectivity. Nature 2006; 441: 641–645.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen M, Wei L and Liu Y: Motor preparation attenuates neural variability and beta-band LFP in parietal cortex. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 6809.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu K, Yao Y, Kang Y, et al: A supramolecular approach to fabricate highly emissive smart materials. Sci. Rep. 2013; 3: 2372.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaszeta D: CBRN and Hazmat Incidents at Major Public Events. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Gourtsoyiannis NC ed: Clinical MRI of the Abdomen: Why,How,When. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Frowein JA: Comment: State Responsibility and Peace. In: Peace through International Law: The Role of the International Law Commission. A Colloquium at the Occasion of its Sixtieth Anniversary. Edited by G Nolte. Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2009; pp 47–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Urology.

Blog post

Andrew E: Selective Killing Can Affect Elephants for Decades. IFLScience 2013. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/selective-killing-can-affect-elephants-decades/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Project SAFECOM: Key Cross-Agency Emergency Communications Effort Requires Stronger Collaboration. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clovis DJ: The thayer valve and its effect on a generation and beyond. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr: Prosecutor Declined To Pursue Allegations. New York Times 2017: A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Urology
Abbreviation	J. Urol.
ISSN (print)	0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
Scope	Urology