How to format your references using the The Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cyranoski D: Neutrino physics: tanked up and ready for action. Nature 2002; 420: 737.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barkman T and Zhang J: Evidence for escape from adaptive conflict? Nature 2009; 462: E1; discussion E2-3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schulte DM, Burke RP and Lipcius RN: Unprecedented restoration of a native oyster metapopulation. Science 2009; 325: 1124–1128.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang J, Kaasik K, Blackburn MR, et al: Constant darkness is a circadian metabolic signal in mammals. Nature 2006; 439: 340–343.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chu L-Y and Wang W: Microfluidics for Advanced Functional Polymeric Materials. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2017.

An edited book

Kar S: Industrial and Labor Economics: Issues in Developing and Transition Countries. ( Edited by D Datta). New Delhi: Springer India; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Black DC, Donovan J, Bunton B, et al: A Notion of Time. In: SystemC: From the Ground Up. Edited by J Donovan, B Bunton and A Keist. Boston, MA: Springer US 2010; pp 59–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Urology.

Blog post

Carpineti A: Amazing Finding Of Dunes On Rosetta’s Comet. IFLScience 2017. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/amazing-finding-of-dunes-on-rosettas-comet/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: DOD Business Systems Modernization: Billions Continue to Be Invested with Inadequate Management Oversight and Accountability. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Li X: Graph-based learning for information systems. 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wilson M: Agents Describe Search For Chelsea Bomb Pieces. New York Times 2017: A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Urology
Abbreviation	J. Urol.
ISSN (print)	0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
Scope	Urology