How to format your references using the The Journal of Supercomputing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Supercomputing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

El-Awady N (2009) Science journalism: The Arab boom. Nature 459:1057

A journal article with 2 authors

Rivkin RB, Legendre L (2001) Biogenic carbon cycling in the upper ocean: effects of microbial respiration. Science 291:2398–2400

A journal article with 3 authors

Brooks-Pollock E, Roberts GO, Keeling MJ (2014) A dynamic model of bovine tuberculosis spread and control in Great Britain. Nature 511:228–231

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Daniels MJ, Wang Y, Lee M, Venkitaraman AR (2004) Abnormal cytokinesis in cells deficient in the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2. Science 306:876–879

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Choi N-E, Han JH (2015) How Flavor Works. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Leder SB (2014) The Yale Swallow Protocol: An Evidence-Based Approach to Decision Making. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Dasgupta P, Hoeing M (2008) Dynamic Pricing Algorithms for Task Allocation in Multi-agent Swarms. In: Jamali N, Scerri P, Sugawara T (eds) Massively Multi-Agent Technology: AAMAS Workshops, MMAS 2006, LSMAS 2006, and CCMMS 2007 Hakodate, Japan, May 9, 2006 Honolulu, HI, USA, May 15, 2007 Selected and Revised Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 64–79

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Supercomputing.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Study Concludes That There Are Over One TRILLION Species On Earth. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/there-are-over-one-trillion-species-earth-and-most-them-are-invisible/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) ADP Management Controls: Farmers Home Administration Can Improve Reporting of Weaknesses. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barbeau SJ (2012) A Location-Aware Architecture Supporting Intelligent Real-Time Mobile Applications. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C (2011) A No. 2 Theater Company Grabs the State Spotlight. New York Times A25B

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Supercomputing
Abbreviation	J. Supercomput.
ISSN (print)	0920-8542
ISSN (online)	1573-0484
Scope	Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Software Theoretical Computer Science