How to format your references using the The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bates M. GE Prize-winning essay. A new approach to fluorescence microscopy. Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1334–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hasty P, Vijg J. Aging. Genomic priorities in aging. Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1250–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huang S, Lee CTA, Yin QZ. Missing lead and high ³He/⁴He in ancient sulfides associated with continental crust formation. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun 17;4:5314.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Smith DM, Lopez LI, Lin RP, Barrington-Leigh CP. Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed up to 20 MeV. Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1085–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adam C. Forensic Evidence in Court. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Swenson ER, Bärtsch P, editors. High Altitude: Human Adaptation to Hypoxia. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. XI, 496 p. 92 illus., 16 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Yakobson BI, Dumitrică T. Retracted: Nanomechanics: Physics Between Engineering and Chemistry. In: Harik V, editor. Trends in Nanoscale Mechanics: Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Nanocomposites and Molecular Dynamics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 111–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.

Blog post

Andrew E. Eye Tracking Is The Next Frontier Of Human-Computer Interaction. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Consolidated Student Loans: Borrowers Benefit but Costs to Them and the Government Grow. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Jun. Report No.: HRD-90-8.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzaga Reed RR. The Impact of a Community-Based College Access Program at a Midwestern Institution [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwirtz M, Winerip M. In Beatings, Inmates Feared a ‘Captain America.’ New York Times. 2015 Oct 2;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Abbreviation	J. Prosthet. Dent.
ISSN (print)	0022-3913
ISSN (online)	1097-6841
Scope	Oral Surgery