How to format your references using the The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Laursen L. SCIENCE CAREERS: Geoscientists in High Demand in the Oil Industry. Science. 2008 Aug 8;321(5890):857–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kincaid C, Griffiths RW. Laboratory models of the thermal evolution of the mantle during rollback subduction. Nature. 2003 Sep 4;425(6953):58–62.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bylicka B, Chruściński D, Maniscalco S. Non-Markovianity and reservoir memory of quantum channels: a quantum information theory perspective. Sci Rep. 2014 Jul 21;4:5720.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ouyang M, Huang JL, Cheung CL, Lieber CM. Energy gaps in “metallic” single-walled carbon nanotubes. Science. 2001 Apr 27;292(5517):702–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Duchon C, Hale R. Time Series Analysis in Meteorology and Climatology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

Rugini E, Baldoni L, Muleo R, Sebastiani L, editors. The Olive Tree Genome. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. XI, 193 p. 42 illus., 35 illus. in color. (Compendium of Plant Genomes).

A chapter in an edited book

Nickpour F, O’Sullivan C. Designing an Innovative Walking Aid Kit; A Case Study of Design in Inclusive Healthcare Products. In: Langdon P, Lazar J, Heylighen A, Dong H, editors. Designing Around People: CWUAAT 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 45–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.

Blog post

Luntz S. Icelandic Volcano Reveals How Calderas Form [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/icelandic-volcano-reveals-how-calderas-form/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. HHS Ability To Effectively Implement Incentive Funding for State Information Systems in the Aid to Families With Dependent Children Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Jun. Report No.: HRD-81-119.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vincent PS. The State of Chaos [Doctoral dissertation]. [Columbus, OH]: Ohio State University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Firefighters Museum Plans to Expand Again. New York Times. 2008 Mar 9;LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Abbreviation	J. Prosthet. Dent.
ISSN (print)	0022-3913
ISSN (online)	1097-6841
Scope	Oral Surgery