How to format your references using the The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May R. Tony Blair’s era: good news, bad news. Nature. 2007 Jun 28;447(7148):1053.

A journal article with 2 authors

Badcock C, Crespi B. Battle of the sexes may set the brain. Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1054–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Vidale JE, Dodge DA, Earle PS. Slow differential rotation of the Earth’s inner core indicated by temporal changes in scattering. Nature. 2000 May 25;405(6785):445–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Huang M, Zhang Y, Li F, Wang Z, Alamusi, Hu N, et al. Merging of Kirkendall growth and Ostwald ripening: CuO@MnO2 core-shell architectures for asymmetric supercapacitors. Sci Rep. 2014 Mar 31;4:4518.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Paschedag AR. CFD in der Verfahrenstechnik. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

Harper R, editor. The Connected Home: The Future of Domestic Life. London: Springer; 2011. X, 305 p. 36 illus.

A chapter in an edited book

Prauzek M, Hlavica J, Michalikova M. Automatic Fuzzy Classification System for Metabolic Types Detection. In: Abraham A, Jiang XH, Snášel V, Pan JS, editors. Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications: Proceedings of the Second Euro-China Conference on Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications, ECC 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 49–59. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.

Blog post

Andrew E. Improved Data Set Shows No Global Warming ‘Hiatus’ [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/improved-data-set-shows-no-global-warming-hiatus/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Current Funding Status of the Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Dec. Report No.: B-178726.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Meyer MA. Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Mediterranean Mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper M. Not Over Till Overtime’s Due? Met Labor Strife Bares Secrets. New York Times. 2014 Jul 8;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Abbreviation	J. Prosthet. Dent.
ISSN (print)	0022-3913
ISSN (online)	1097-6841
Scope	Oral Surgery