How to format your references using the The Journal of Modern History citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Modern History (JMH). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Helbing, Dirk. “Globally Networked Risks and How to Respond.” Nature 497, no. 7447 (May 2, 2013): 51–59.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lowenstein, Tim K., and Robert V. Demicco. “Elevated Eocene Atmospheric CO2 and Its Subsequent Decline.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 313, no. 5795 (September 29, 2006): 1928.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tayagaki, Takeshi, Yusuke Hoshi, and Noritaka Usami. “Investigation of the Open-Circuit Voltage in Solar Cells Doped with Quantum Dots.” Scientific Reports 3 (September 26, 2013): 2703.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rosasco-Nitcher, Sara E., Weijie Lan, Sepideh Khorasanizadeh, and P. Todd Stukenberg. “Centromeric Aurora-B Activation Requires TD-60, Microtubules, and Substrate Priming Phosphorylation.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 319, no. 5862 (January 25, 2008): 469–72.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tapiero, Charles S. Risk Finance and Asset Pricing. Hoboken, NJ, 2010.

An edited book

Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis, and Abir U. Igamberdiev, eds. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling and Communication in Plants. Vol. 23. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Li, Yusong, and Megan Seymour. “Fullerenes and Carbon Nano-Onions for Environmental Application.” In Nanotechnology for Water Treatment and Purification, edited by Anming Hu and Allen Apblett, 145–58. Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology. Cham, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Modern History.

Blog post

Taub, Ben. “Meatier Than A Meteor: Bakers Send Pie Into Space.” IFLScience. December 19, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Interactive Graphics in the United Kingdom.” Washington, DC, January 1, 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cheng, Lin. “SiC Thin-Films on Insulating Substrates for Robust MEMS Applications.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2003.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, Sophia. “Why the Smoke Doesn’t Get in Their Eyes.” New York Times, February 22, 2009.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Modern History
Abbreviation	J. Mod. Hist.
ISSN (print)	0022-2801
ISSN (online)	1537-5358
Scope	History