How to format your references using the The Journal of Modern History citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Modern History (JMH). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tauxe, Will. “Genome Editing: 4 Big Questions.” Nature 528, no. 7580 (December 3, 2015): S17.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hilbert, Martin, and Priscila López. “The World’s Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 332, no. 6025 (April 1, 2011): 60–65.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prytkova, Tatiana R., Igor V. Kurnikov, and David N. Beratan. “Coupling Coherence Distinguishes Structure Sensitivity in Protein Electron Transfer.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 315, no. 5812 (February 2, 2007): 622–25.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Choi, Seung Ho, You Na Ko, Jung-Kul Lee, and Yun Chan Kang. “Rapid Continuous Synthesis of Spherical Reduced Graphene Ball-Nickel Oxide Composite for Lithium Ion Batteries.” Scientific Reports 4 (August 29, 2014): 5786.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bai, Qiang, Yong Bai, and Weidong Ruan. Advances in Pipes and Pipelines. Hoboken, NJ, 2017.

An edited book

Djokić, Stojan S., ed. Electrodeposition and Surface Finishing: Fundamentals and Applications. Vol. 57. Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. New York, NY, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Ho, Andrea M., and Horacio D. Espinosa. “Scanning Probes for the Life Sciences.” In Applied Scanning Probe Methods VIII: Scanning Probe Microscopy Techniques, edited by Bharat Bhushan, Harald Fuchs, and Masahiko Tomitori, 183–217. Nano Science and Technolgy. Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Modern History.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. “Why Pluto May Have A Large Ocean Beneath Its Icy Surface.” IFLScience. November 17, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “James Webb Space Telescope: Project Meeting Commitments but Current Technical, Cost, and Schedule Challenges Could Affect Continued Progress.” Washington, DC, January 8, 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Edwards, Carrie Dawn. “Migration: Lighting to Evoke Human Responses.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch, John, and Mary Pilon. “A Careful Evangelical.” New York Times, March 28, 2012.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Modern History
Abbreviation	J. Mod. Hist.
ISSN (print)	0022-2801
ISSN (online)	1537-5358
Scope	History