How to format your references using the The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McAuley P. Danger--hard hack area. Nature. 2000;404(6773):21.

A journal article with 2 authors

Filippov A, Gorb SN. Frictional-anisotropy-based systems in biology: structural diversity and numerical model. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1240.

A journal article with 3 authors

Loeffler JM, Nelson D, Fischetti VA. Rapid killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae with a bacteriophage cell wall hydrolase. Science. 2001;294(5549):2170–2.

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Kunishima N, Shimada Y, Tsuji Y, et al.. Structural basis of glutamate recognition by a dimeric metabotropic glutamate receptor. Nature. 2000;407(6807):971–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jevon P. Paediatric Advanced Life Support. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2012:

An edited book

Gramoli V, Guerraoui R. Networked Systems: First International Conference, NETYS 2013, Marrakech, Morocco, May 2-4, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013:

A chapter in an edited book

Cohen JA, Rae-Grant A. Disease-modifying therapy. In: Rae-Grant A editor. Handbook of Multiple Sclerosis. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd.; 2010: 29–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume.

Blog post

Andrew E. Planetary And Human Health - One Coin, Two Sides. IFLScience.2015:

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Labor Has Progressed But Selected Systems Remain at Risk. 1999:

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zaegel BM. An Evaluation of the School-wide Positive Behavior Intervention and Support Check In/Check Out Behavior Education Program. 2012:

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski S. Where College Ratings Hits the Wall. New York Times. 2014;BU7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹⁾.
This sentence cites two references ^{1, 2)}.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume
ISSN (print)	2424-8355
ISSN (online)	2424-8363
Scope