How to format your references using the The Journal of Experimental Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Experimental Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wynne, C. D. L. (2004). Animal behaviour: fair refusal by capuchin monkeys. Nature 428, 140; discussion 140.

A journal article with 2 authors

Knepper, M. A. and Agre, P. (2004). Structural biology. The atomic architecture of a gas channel. Science 305, 1573–1574.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chave, J., Alonso, D. and Etienne, R. S. (2006). Theoretical biology: comparing models of species abundance. Nature 441, E1; discussion E1-2.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Yuan, H. Q., Grosche, F. M., Deppe, M., Geibel, C., Sparn, G. and Steglich, F. (2003). Observation of two distinct superconducting phases in CeCu2Si2. Science 302, 2104–2107.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bleistein, S. (2017). Rapid Organizational Change. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Willerson, J. T. and Holmes, D. R., Jr. eds. (2015). Coronary Artery Disease. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Nhat, P. V., Leszczynski, J. and Nguyen, M. T. (2014). Growth Mechanism, Energetics and CO Affinities of Vanadium Doped Gold Clusters, AunV with n = 1−20. In Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry III (ed. Leszczynski, J.) and Shukla, M. K.), pp. 107–149. Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Experimental Biology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015). NASA Study Reveals How Mars Turned From A Habitable World Into A Dead Planet. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007). Telecommunications: Preliminary Information on Media Ownership. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Burns, K. N. (2017). Impact of Cognitive Tasks on Gait Parameters in Collegiate Athletes.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hyduk, J. (2016). Looking Back (Sigh) at the End (Sigh) of a Great Season (Sigh). New York Times D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wynne, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Knepper and Agre, 2004; Wynne, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Knepper and Agre, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Yuan et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Experimental Biology
Abbreviation	J. Exp. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0022-0949
ISSN (online)	1477-9145
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Insect Science Molecular Biology Physiology