How to format your references using the The International Sports Law Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The International Sports Law Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wakeley J (2008) Complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees. Nature 452:E3-4; discussion E4

A journal article with 2 authors

Laskar J, Gastineau M (2009) Existence of collisional trajectories of Mercury, Mars and Venus with the Earth. Nature 459:817–819

A journal article with 3 authors

Vendrasco MJ, Wood TE, Runnegar BN (2004) Articulated Palaeozoic fossil with 17 plates greatly expands disparity of early chitons. Nature 429:288–291

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Martínez-Galera AJ, Brihuega I, Gutiérrez-Rubio A, et al (2014) Towards scalable nano-engineering of graphene. Sci Rep 4:7314

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Monino J-L, Sedkaoui S (2016) Big Data, Open Data and Data Development. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Schmicking D, Gallagher S (eds) (2010) Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Marshall J-C, Bakalian S, Maria de Oliveira Martins C (2013) Metastatic Dormancy and Metastasis Suppressor Genes. In: Burnier JV, Burnier MN Jr (eds) Experimental and Clinical Metastasis: A Comprehensive Review. Springer, New York, NY, pp 49–52

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The International Sports Law Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Interstellar Gives a Spectacular View of Hard Science. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Consolidated Education Planning: State Education Agencies’ Implementation of Consolidated Planning at the Local Level. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thomas-Whitman D (2012) Treading water: Civic engagement efforts in a time of budget crisis at a public university. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2010) The Illusion of Savings. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wakeley 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Wakeley 2008; Laskar and Gastineau 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Laskar and Gastineau 2009)
Three or more authors: (Martínez-Galera et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	The International Sports Law Journal
Abbreviation	Int. Sports Law J.
ISSN (print)	1567-7559
ISSN (online)	2213-5154
Scope	Law