How to format your references using the The Electricity Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Electricity Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins, F.S., 2011. Genome-sequencing anniversary. Faces of the genome. Science 331, 546.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schiøtz, J., Jacobsen, K.W., 2003. A maximum in the strength of nanocrystalline copper. Science 301, 1357–1359.

A journal article with 3 authors

Long, S.B., Campbell, E.B., Mackinnon, R., 2005. Crystal structure of a mammalian voltage-dependent Shaker family K+ channel. Science 309, 897–903.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nozawa, K., O’Donoghue, P., Gundllapalli, S., Araiso, Y., Ishitani, R., Umehara, T., Söll, D., Nureki, O., 2009. Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNA(Pyl) structure reveals the molecular basis of orthogonality. Nature 457, 1163–1167.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hornberg, A., 2017. Handbook of Machine and Computer Vision. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Yoshida, T., Kou, G., Skowron, A., Cao, J., Hacid, H., Zhong, N. (Eds.), 2013. Active Media Technology: 9th International Conference, AMT 2013, Maebashi, Japan, October 29-31, 2013, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Hashim, H., 2008. Local Anesthesia and Nerve Blocks, in: Hashim, H., Abrams, P., Dmochowski, R. (Eds.), The Handbook of Office Urological Procedures. Springer, London, pp. 32–34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Electricity Journal.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2016. A Strangely Elongated Skull Of An Ancient Female Has Been Found In Korea [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: An Assessment Guide--Exposure Draft (Superseded by AIMD-10.1.14) (No. 158206). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dill, K.D., 2012. Nonparametric alternative to Poly-k test in animal tumorigenicity studies (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M., 2014. At 28, Abbott Wins 4th U.S. Title and Has a Teenage Teammate for the Olympics. New York Times D7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Collins, 2011; Schiøtz and Jacobsen, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schiøtz and Jacobsen, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Nozawa et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Electricity Journal
Abbreviation	Electr. J.
ISSN (print)	1040-6190
Scope	Business and International Management Management of Technology and Innovation Energy (miscellaneous) Law