How to format your references using the The Egyptian Rheumatologist citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Egyptian Rheumatologist. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Pelkmans L. Cell Biology. Using cell-to-cell variability--a new era in molecular biology. Science 2012;336:425–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Kepinski S, Leyser O. The Arabidopsis F-box protein TIR1 is an auxin receptor. Nature 2005;435:446–51.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Provencio I, Rollag MD, Castrucci AM. Photoreceptive net in the mammalian retina. This mesh of cells may explain how some blind mice can still tell day from night. Nature 2002;415:493.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chen WJ, Zheng Y, Xiong WM, Feng X, Wang B, Wang Y. Effect of mechanical loads on stability of nanodomains in ferroelectric ultrathin films: towards flexible erasing of the non-volatile memories. Sci Rep 2014;4:5339.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Crighton DA, Towl GJ. Psychology in Prisons. Oxford, UK: BPS Blackwell; 2009.

An edited book

[1]

Yao Y, Hu Q, Yu H, Grzymala-Busse JW, editors. Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining, and Granular Computing: 15th International Conference, RSFDGrC 2015, Tianjin, China, November 20-23, 2015, Proceedings. vol. 9437. 1st ed. 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Carral D, Feier C, Hitzler P. A Practical Acyclicity Notion for Query Answering Over Horn- $$\mathcal {SRIQ}$$ Ontologies. In: Groth P, Simperl E, Gray A, Sabou M, Krötzsch M, Lecue F, et al., editors. The Semantic Web – ISWC 2016: 15th International Semantic Web Conference, Kobe, Japan, October 17–21, 2016, Proceedings, Part I, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 70–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Egyptian Rheumatologist.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Time lapse of molting giant spider crab. IFLScience 2013.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: An Assessment Guide (Supersedes 158206). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Murray BA. Sociocultural factors in women’s health in Swaziland. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. Yelling About Sex. New York Times 2017:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Egyptian Rheumatologist
ISSN (print)	1110-1164
Scope	Rheumatology