How to format your references using the The Egyptian Rheumatologist citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Egyptian Rheumatologist. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fields S. Molecular biology. Site-seeing by sequencing. Science 2007;316:1441–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Pan RK, Fortunato S. Author Impact Factor: tracking the dynamics of individual scientific impact. Sci Rep 2014;4:4880.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Liu F, Bakht S, Dean C. Cotranscriptional role for Arabidopsis DICER-LIKE 4 in transcription termination. Science 2012;335:1621–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chowell D, Morris LGT, Grigg CM, Weber JK, Samstein RM, Makarov V, et al. Patient HLA class I genotype influences cancer response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Science 2018;359:582–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bunker G, Thomson D. Delivering Utility Computing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Riggirozzi P, Tussie D, editors. The Rise of Post-Hegemonic Regionalism: The Case of Latin America. vol. 4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Cominetti R, Facchinei F, Lasserre JB. Chapter 4 Convexity in Polynomial Optimization. In: Facchinei F, Lasserre JB, editors. Modern Optimization Modelling Techniques, Basel: Springer; 2012, p. 81–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Egyptian Rheumatologist.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Quit Sugar, Go Paleo, Embrace ‘Clean Food’: The Power Of Celebrity Nutrition. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. FAA Technical Training. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Vande Voort PS. A phenomenological exploration of faculty experiences using lecture capture systems. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Walsh MW. The Little State With a Big Mess. New York Times 2011:BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Egyptian Rheumatologist
ISSN (print)	1110-1164
Scope	Rheumatology