How to format your references using the The Egyptian Rheumatologist citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Egyptian Rheumatologist. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Wadman M. Republican candidates clash on fetal tissue in research. Nature 2000;403:694.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Mirabel IF, Rodrigues I. Formation of a black hole in the dark. Science 2003;300:1119–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Wilmé L, Goodman SM, Ganzhorn JU. Biogeographic evolution of Madagascar’s microendemic biota. Science 2006;312:1063–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Jiang Y, Lee A, Chen J, Cadene M, Chait BT, MacKinnon R. The open pore conformation of potassium channels. Nature 2002;417:523–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bitton G. Microbiology of Drinking Water. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Bellucci S. Supersymmetric Mechanics – Vol. 2: The Attractor Mechanism and Space Time Singularities. vol. 701. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Namy O, Rousset J-P. Specification of Standard Amino Acids by Stop Codons. In: Atkins JF, Gesteland RF, editors. Recoding: Expansion of Decoding Rules Enriches Gene Expression, New York, NY: Springer; 2010, p. 79–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Egyptian Rheumatologist.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. New Planetary Model Suggests More Gas Giant Planets Are Yet To Be Found. IFLScience 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Global Positioning System: Challenges in Sustaining and Upgrading Capabilities Persist. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Isaacson MJ. The paradox of respect and risk: Six Lakota adolescents speak. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

KELLY STEWART; Kelly Stewart is a primatologist at Cambridge University. She has studied the behavior, ecology, Conservation of Mountain. CHRONICLES OF THE PUMPHOUSE GANG. New York Times 1988:714.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Egyptian Rheumatologist
ISSN (print)	1110-1164
Scope	Rheumatology