How to format your references using the The Ceylon Journal of Medical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Ceylon Journal of Medical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pyne SJ. Essays on science and society. The fires this time, and next. Science. 2001 Nov 2;294(5544):1005–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lam I, Keeney S. Nonparadoxical evolutionary stability of the recombination initiation landscape in yeast. Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):932–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mitchell A, Wei P, Lim WA. Oscillatory stress stimulation uncovers an Achilles’ heel of the yeast MAPK signaling network. Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1379–83.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Bauer J, Chen K, Hiltbunner A, Wehrli E, Eugster M, Schnell D, et al. The major protein import receptor of plastids is essential for chloroplast biogenesis. Nature. 2000 Jan 13;403(6766):203–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baldi P, Frasconi P, Smyth P. Modeling the Internet and the Web: Probabilistic Methods and Algorithms. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2002.

An edited book

Düh J, Hufnagl H, Juritsch E, Pfliegl R, Schimany HK, Schönegger H, editors. Data and Mobility: Transforming Information into Intelligent Traffic and Transportation Services Proceedings of the Lakeside Conference 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. 226 p. 80 illus. (Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing; vol. 81).

A chapter in an edited book

Hao J, Chen S, Weiss G, Leung HF, Tuyls K. Robustness Analysis of Negotiation Strategies through Multiagent Learning in Repeated Negotiation Games. In: Müller JP, Weyrich M, Bazzan ALC, editors. Multiagent System Technologies: 12th German Conference, MATES 2014, Stuttgart, Germany, September 23-25, 2014 Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 41–56. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Ceylon Journal of Medical Science.

Blog post

Hamilton K. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. The History Of Planet Detection In One 60 Second GIF. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/history-planet-detection-60-second-gif/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. USDA Research and Extension Agencies: Missions, Structures, and Budgets. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Feb. Report No.: RCED-93-74FS.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cooper T. Biting Animals [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker AL, David Goodman J. Officer Faced a Man on the Run. New York Times. 2015 Oct 22;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Ceylon Journal of Medical Science
Abbreviation	Ceylon J. Med. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0011-2232
Scope