How to format your references using the The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (CIP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kemp M. Science in culture: Leonardo lifts off. Nature 2003;421(6925):792.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hitz M-P, Andelfinger G. Cardiology: Race for healthy hearts. Nature 2015;520(7546):160–161.

A journal article with 3 authors

Raxworthy CJ, Forstner MRJ, Nussbaum RA. Chameleon radiation by oceanic dispersal. Nature 2002;415(6873):784–787.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Drinkwater MJ, Gregg MD, Hilker M, et al. A class of compact dwarf galaxies from disruptive processes in galaxy clusters. Nature 2003;423(6939):519–521.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Berthier J, Brakke KA, Berthier E. Open Microfluidics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Lundbye JB (ed). Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest: Clinical Application and Management. London: Springer; 2012. XVI, 122 p. 27 illus., 18 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Bosman PAN, Thierens D. Numerical Optimization with Real-Valued Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms. In: Pelikan M, Sastry K, CantúPaz E, editors. Scalable Optimization via Probabilistic Modeling. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p91–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.

Blog post

Andrews R. “Earth-Like” Exoplanet Discovered In The Nearest Star System To Our Own. IFLSciencehttps://www.iflscience.com/space/earthlike-exoplanet-discovered-in-the-nearest-star-system-to-our-own/ (2016, accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Highway Administration: Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operations, Lighting Devices, Reflectors, and Electrical Equipment. OGC-99-39Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; April 12, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown O. Business and IT leaders’ behavioral affects on alignment and project outcome: A comparative leadership study. Doctoral DissertationUniversity of Phoenix; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vlasic B. Detroit’s Chief Instigator. New York Times, May 24, 2015, BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Abbreviation	Can. J. Psychiatry
ISSN (print)	0706-7437
ISSN (online)	1497-0015
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health