How to format your references using the The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (CIP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Glassmeier K-H. Planetary science. Magnetic twisters on Mercury. Science 2009;324(5927):597–598.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmid EM, McMahon HT. Integrating molecular and network biology to decode endocytosis. Nature 2007;448(7156):883–888.

A journal article with 3 authors

Eilken HM, Nishikawa S-I, Schroeder T. Continuous single-cell imaging of blood generation from haemogenic endothelium. Nature 2009;457(7231):896–900.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hari P, Raivonen M, Vesala T, et al. Atmospheric science: Ultraviolet light and leaf emission of NO(x). Nature 2003;422(6928):134.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gregory J. Central Counterparties. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

César E, Alexander M, Streit A, et al. (eds). Euro-Par 2008 Workshops - Parallel Processing: VHPC 2008, UNICORE 2008, HPPC 2008, SGS 2008, PROPER 2008, ROIA 2008, and DPA 2008, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, August 25-26, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. XIX, 462 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Bredereck R, Froese V, Hartung S, et al. The Complexity of Degree Anonymization by Vertex Addition. In: Gu Q, Hell P, Yang B, editors. Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: 10th International Conference, AAIM 2014, Vancouver, BC, Canada, July 8-11, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p44–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.

Blog post

Hale T. The Winners Of The 2016 Underwater Photography Competition Are Absolutely Amazing. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Head Start: Progress and Challenges in Implementing Transportation Regulations. GAO-06-767RWashington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; July 27, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sawant KG. A Chemo-Physical Model for Predicting Post Fracking Pressure Buildup in Pierre Shale. Doctoral DissertationUniversity of Louisiana; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Soul Food With a Secret. New York Times, May 10, 2009, NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Abbreviation	Can. J. Psychiatry
ISSN (print)	0706-7437
ISSN (online)	1497-0015
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health