How to format your references using the The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gladysz JA. Chemistry. Fluorous to the core. Science. 2006;313(5791):1249-1250.

A journal article with 2 authors

Geim AK, Grigorieva IV. Van der Waals heterostructures. Nature. 2013;499(7459):419-425.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ruby E, Henderson B, McFall-Ngai M. Microbiology. We get by with a little help from our (little) friends. Science. 2004;303(5662):1305-1307.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Bisson LF, Waterhouse AL, Ebeler SE, Walker MA, Lapsley JT. The present and future of the international wine industry. Nature. 2002;418(6898):696-699.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ruehli AE, Antonini G, Jiang L. Circuit Oriented Electromagnetic Modeling Using the Peec Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Thomas C, ed. A Call for Engaged Leadership. Vol 91. SensePublishers; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Mandow L, de la Cruz JLP. A Memory-Efficient Search Strategy for Multiobjective Shortest Path Problems. In: Mertsching B, Hund M, Aziz Z, eds. KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence: 32nd Annual German Conference on AI, Paderborn, Germany, September 15-18, 2009. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2009:25-32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Blog post

Andrew E. No Bones About It: Sharks Evolved Cartilage For A Reason. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Shuttle: External Tank Procurement Does Not Comply With Competition in Contracting Act. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Aghaee M. Analysis of Dynamics and Optimal Control for an SIR Epidemiological Model with Time-Varying Populations. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University; 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stellin S. Full Picture of Airlines’ Punctuality Is Elusive. New York Times. February 3, 2014:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Abbreviation	Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
ISSN (print)	0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
Scope	Parasitology Virology Infectious Diseases