How to format your references using the The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Avise JC., 2001. Evolving genomic metaphors: a new look at the language of DNA. Science 294: 86–87

A journal article with 2 authors

Chen S-W, Liu R-B., 2014. Faraday rotation echo spectroscopy and detection of quantum fluctuations. Sci Rep 4: 4695

A journal article with 3 authors

Chandra FA, Buzi G, Doyle JC., 2011. Glycolytic oscillations and limits on robust efficiency. Science 333: 187–192

A journal article with 16 or more authors

Rini M, Tobey R, Dean N, Itatani J, Tomioka Y, Tokura Y, Schoenlein RW, Cavalleri A., 2007. Control of the electronic phase of a manganite by mode-selective vibrational excitation. Nature 449: 72–74

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

CCPS., 2006. Guidelines for Mechanical Integrity Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Stockmann R, Meyer W eds., 2016. The Future of Evaluation: Global Trends, New Challenges, Shared Perspectives. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK

A chapter in an edited book

Plumley J., 2016. Perception on Design Quality within the New Mega Townships of India. Tiwari P, ed. The Towers of New Capital: Mega Townships in India. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 45–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Blog post

Andrew E., 2016. Fear Of Death Underlies Most Of Our Phobias. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/fear-death-underlies-most-our-phobias/. Accessed. May 16, 2016

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office., 2014. Telecommunications: Projects and Policies Related to Deploying Broadband in Unserved and Underserved Areas. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Partma L., 2009. Media: Pretrial publicity and its effects. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C., 2008. Cortlandt to Offer Plan To Lower Fuel Oil Costs

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Abbreviation	Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
ISSN (print)	0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
Scope	Parasitology Virology Infectious Diseases