How to format your references using the The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fernández JE. Materials for aesthetic, energy-efficient, and self-diagnostic buildings. Science. 2007;315(5820):1807–1810.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Ganel T, Goodale MA. Visual control of action but not perception requires analytical processing of object shape. Nature. 2003;426(6967):664–667.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Soares L, Parisi M, Bonini NM. Axon injury and regeneration in the adult Drosophila. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6199.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. de Aguiar MAM, Baranger M, Baptestini EM, et al. Global patterns of speciation and diversity. Nature. 2009;460(7253):384–387.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Costa PJ. Applied Mathematics for the Analysis of Biomedical Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

1. Venter H, Eloff M, Labuschagne L, et al. eds. New Approaches for Security, Privacy and Trust in Complex Environments: Proceedings of the IFIP TC-11 22nd International Information Security Conference (SEC 2007), 14–16 May 2007, Sandton, South Africa. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Rubbia-Brandt L, Terris B. Histopathology and Molecular Pathogenesis of Cholangiocarcinoma. In: Herman JM, Pawlik TM, Thomas CR Jr, eds. Biliary Tract and Gallbladder Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Medical Radiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014:57–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Western Consumption Linked To Over 100,000 Pollution-Related Premature Deaths Worldwide. IFLScience. 2017. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/western-consumption-linked-to-over-100000-pollutionrelated-premature-deaths-worldwide/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Truck Safety: Implementation of the Single Driver’s License and Notification Requirements. Washington, DC: Government Accountability Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Becker LA. Noncredit to credit transitions: The role of cultural capital and habitus for adult immigrant learners in the community college. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Marx L. The Gown Is Free, the Salute Heartfelt. New York Times. 2015:ST23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy
ISSN (print)	1543-5946
ISSN (online)	1876-7761
Scope