How to format your references using the The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dickson D. Mathematicians chase the seven million-dollar proofs. Nature 2000;405:383.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huang Z, Li X. Origin of flaw-tolerance in nacre. Sci Rep 2013;3:1693.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kirn TJ, Jude BA, Taylor RK. A colonization factor links Vibrio cholerae environmental survival and human infection. Nature 2005;438:863–6.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gao C, Lin Q, Zhang S, He J, Lu X, Wang G. Historical trends of atmospheric black carbon on Sanjiang Plain as reconstructed from a 150-year peat record. Sci Rep 2014;4:5723.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fränzle S, Markert B, Wünschmann S. Introduction to Environmental Engineering. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2012.

An edited book

Corradini A, Klin B, Cîrstea C, editors. Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science: 4th International Conference, CALCO 2011, Winchester, UK, August 30 – September 2, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. XI, 420 p. 118 illus., 6 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Governatori G, Rotolo A, Calardo E. Possible World Semantics for Defeasible Deontic Logic. In: Ågotnes T, Broersen J, Elgesem D, editors. Deontic Logic in Computer Science: 11th International Conference, DEON 2012, Bergen, Norway, July 16-18, 2012 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 46–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Blog post

Luntz S. Rubidium Doping Leads To New Solar Cell Efficiency Record. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Avoiding Major Disruptions Will Require Strong Leadership and Effective Partnerships. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Aug. Report No.: T-AIMD-98-267.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yahil RJ. The role of interleukin-19 in interleukin-10 production by regulatory macrophages [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. Film Series. New York Times. 2017;C23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Abbreviation	Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
ISSN (print)	0002-9165
ISSN (online)	1938-3207
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Nutrition and Dietetics

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